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Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

Symmetry approach to coherence in spontaneous nuclear decay

F. X. Hartmann, Stanley R. Rotman, Karina K. Jimenez Garcia

Published Dec 1, 1988• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0022-4073(88)90065-9

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The possibility of exploiting the dynamic electron-nucleus interaction to create a nuclear population inversion in a short-lifetime excited state has been discussed,1 and work on some models incorporating nonlinear or nonperturbative approaches continues. In addition, there is also recent interest in the question of whether the superradiant effect is observable in nuclear gamma transitions from such an inversion.2 Here we examine the symmetry effect which leads to the N or N2 dependence of enhanced spontaneous emission described by Dicke in boson fields as applied to nuclear transitions. Recent laser approaches treating nuclear superradiance as a transient laser pulse involving stimulated emission do not examine that symmetry. A classification scheme based on the unitary and permutation groups is used to describe basic decay rate characteristics, spatial dependence of the cooperation number, and multilevel effects in the short-wavelength regime.

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The possibility of exploiting the dynamic electron-nucleus interaction to create a nuclear population inversion in a short-lifetime excited state has been discussed,1 and work on some models incorporating nonlinear or nonperturbative approaches continues. In addition, there is also recent interest in the question of whether the superradiant effect is observable in nuclear gamma transitions from such an inversion.2 Here we examine the symmetry effect which leads to the N or N2 dependence of enhanced spontaneous emission described by Dicke in boson fields as applied to nuclear transitions. Recent laser approaches treating nuclear superradiance as a transient laser pulse involving stimulated emission do not examine that symmetry. A classification scheme based on the unitary and permutation groups is used to describe basic decay rate characteristics, spatial dependence of the cooperation number, and multilevel effects in the short-wavelength regime.
We have identified a mechanism of collective nuclear de-excitation in a Bose–Einstein condensate of 135Cs atoms in their isomeric state, 135mCs, suitable for the generation of coherent gamma photons. The process described here relies on coherence transfer from the Bose–Einstein condensate to the photon field, leading to collective decay triggered by spontaneous emission of a gamma photon. The mechanism differs from single-pass amplification, which cannot occur in atomic systems due to the nuclear recoil and the associated large shift between absorption and emission lines, nor does it require the large densities necessary for standard Dicke super-radiance. This overcomes the limitations that have been hindering the production of coherent gamma photons in many systems. Therefore, we propose an approach for generation of coherent gamma rays, which relies on a combination of well established techniques of nuclear and atomic physics, and can be realized with currently available technology.