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Chinese Physics B

Breaking chaotic shift key communication via adaptive key identification

Hai‐Peng Ren, Chongzhao Han, Ding Liu

Published Apr 1, 2008• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper proposes an adaptive parameter identification method for breaking chaotic shift key communication from the transmitted signal in public channel. The sensitive dependence property of chaos on parameter mismatch is used for chaos adaptive synchronization and parameter identification. An index function about the synchronization error is defined and conjugate gradient method is used to minimize the index function and to search the transmitter's parameter (key). By using proposed method, secure key is recovered from transmitted signal generated by low dimensional chaos and hyper chaos switching communication. Multi-parameters can also be identified from the transmitted signal with noise.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/17/4/009

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This paper proposes an adaptive parameter identification method for breaking chaotic shift key communication from the transmitted signal in public channel. The sensitive dependence property of chaos on parameter mismatch is used for chaos adaptive synchronization and parameter identification. An index function about the synchronization error is defined and conjugate gradient method is used to minimize the index function and to search the transmitter's parameter (key). By using proposed method, secure key is recovered from transmitted signal generated by low dimensional chaos and hyper chaos switching communication. Multi-parameters can also be identified from the transmitted signal with noise.
A new chaotic communication scheme using adaptive synchronization technique of two unified chaotic systems is proposed. Different from the existing secure communication methods, the transmitted signal is modulated into the parameter of chaotic systems. The adaptive synchronization technique is used to synchronize two identical chaotic systems embedded in the transmitter and the receiver. It is assumed that the parameter of the receiver system is unknown. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive control law is derived to make the states of two identical unified chaotic systems with unknown system parameters asymptotically synchronized; thus the parameter of the receiver system is identified. Then the recovery of the original information signal in the receiver is successfully achieved on the basis of the estimated parameter. It is noticed that the time required for recovering the information signal and the accuracy of the recovered signal very sensitively depends on the frequency of the information signal. Numerical results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
High speed physical secure key distribution in a classical optical fiber channel is unprecedentedly desired for modern secure communication, but it still remains a worldwide technical challenge. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel high-speed physical secure key distribution scheme based on chaotic optical signal processing and private hardware modules, which employs chaotic self-carrier phase modulation for chaotic bandwidth expansion and time-delayed shift keying of commonly driven synchronized optical chaos for physical layer security. In this scheme, the entropy source rate of synchronized chaos output from two remote response lasers is greatly expanded by chaotic self-carrier delayed nonlinear phase disturbance, which facilitates high speed key extraction from the entropy source with guaranteed randomness. Moreover, a synchronization recovery time of sub-nanosecond is achieved by dynamic keying of the chaotic delay time after chaos synchronization to accelerate the key distribution rate. Based on the proposed scheme, a high physical key distribution rate of 2.1 Gb/s over 40 km is successfully demonstrated in the experiment. The proposed solution provides a promising strategy for future high-speed key distribution based on chaotic optical signal processing and classical fiber channel.
We experimentally demonstrate a chaotic synchronization scheme based on the electro-optic hybrid entropy sources. The chaos synchronization method is experimentally validated that 200 km high-level chaos synchronization can be attained and the distance can be further extended. The digital signal induced chaos synchronization signal has good robustness against the potential distortions in long-haul optical transmission. On the basis of the digital signal induced chaos synchronization strategy, a correlated random bit generation (CRBG) scheme with bit rate of 1.25 Gb/s and distance of 200 km is proposed. The generated correlated random bit sequences (CRBSs) pass all the NIST tests. Meanwhile, a data encryption scheme based on the robust chaos synchronization method is proposed with low computation complexity. The synchronization signal, in which the encrypted data is embedded, maintains the strength in long-haul transmission. The strong robustness of the scheme under parameter mismatch is numerically analyzed. These propositions show great potential in the field of secure communication, especially the long-haul scenario.
The secure key generation and distribution (SKGD) are unprecedentedly important for a modern secure communication system. This paper proposes what we believe to be a novel scheme of high-speed key distribution based on interference spectrum-shift keying with signal mutual modulation in commonly driven chaos synchronization. In this scheme, delay line interferometers (DLI) are utilized to generate two low-correlation interference spectra from commonly driven synchronous chaos, and then a 2 × 2 optical switch can effectively change the relationship between the two interference spectra in post-processing by shifting the states of the switch. The signals then undergo electro-optic nonlinear transformation through a hardware module, which includes a signal mutually modulating module (SMMM) and a dispersion component. This optimization significantly enhances the entropy source rate of synchronized chaos from both legitimate users. Moreover, thanks to the introduction of DLIs and electro-optic nonlinear transformation module, the key space of the proposed scheme is remarkably improved. In comparison to traditional chaotic drive-response architectures, the scheme effectively suppresses residual correlation. A 6.7 Gbit/s key distribution rate with a bit error rate below 3.8 × 10 −3 is experimentally demonstrated over a 40 km single-mode fiber (SMF).
In this letter, an integration scheme of adaptive secure communications and key updating based on incremental delta sigma modulation (DSM) and 4D chaotic system is proposed, improving the security and tidal effect robustness in digital mobile fronthaul. The session key derives from the in-band noise (IBN) of DSM. 4D chaotic system prevents the leakage of transmission bit and session key. By adjusting oversampling ratio, the proposed scheme achieves adaptive error-free performance in the experiment, reaching a maximum transmission bit rate of 12.799 Gbit/s and key updating rate of 2.133 Gbit/s. We analyze the IBN property in terms of time and frequency domains. Further, the session key of 10 Gbits is proven to pass the randomness test. The key space with 10135can resist brute force attacks for plaintext and session keys.