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Optics Express

Generation of squeezed vacuum pulses at 810 nm using a 40-cm-long optical fiber

Hisayuki Nakagome, Hidetake Ushio, Y. Itoh, Fumihiko Kannari

Published Jan 10, 2011• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate the generation of a squeezed vacuum pulse at 810 nm with a fiber polarization interferometer. During femtosecond laser pulse propagation through an optical fiber in the normal dispersion regime, only self-phase modulation within a short length contributes to pulse squeezing since the laser pulse is immediately broadened. Guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) noise that increases in proportional to the fiber length is also lower with shorter fibers. Consequently, a maximum noise reduction of 2.1 dB (4.8 dB when corrected for losses) is obtained using a 40-cm-long single mode optical fiber.

DOI
10.1364/oe.19.001051

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We experimentally demonstrate the generation of a squeezed vacuum pulse at 810 nm with a fiber polarization interferometer. During femtosecond laser pulse propagation through an optical fiber in the normal dispersion regime, only self-phase modulation within a short length contributes to pulse squeezing since the laser pulse is immediately broadened. Guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) noise that increases in proportional to the fiber length is also lower with shorter fibers. Consequently, a maximum noise reduction of 2.1 dB (4.8 dB when corrected for losses) is obtained using a 40-cm-long single mode optical fiber.
We experimentally demonstrate generation of a squeezed vacuum at 800 nm with a Sagnac loop fiber interferometer. When negative dispersion is properly added to an input laser pulse to compensate for the fiber dispersion, the level of squeezing is improved. A squeezed vacuum of 0.45 dB is obtained at a dispersion of -0.0157 ps(2) for the 1.5 m-long fiber loop. Since the squeezed vacuum is degraded by guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS), the noise level of the squeezing is improved by -0.3 dB at a liquid nitrogen temperature. We also demonstrate generation of photon number squeezing at -1.3 dB.
We report on the generation of polarization squeezing by employing intense, ultrashort light pulses in a single pass method in photonic crystal fibers. We investigated the squeezing behavior near the zero-dispersion wavelength and in the anomalous dispersion regime by using two distinct fibers. We observed a maximal squeezing at 810 nm of −3.3 ± 0.3 dB with an excess noise of +16.8 ± 0.3 dB in the anomalous regime. Correcting for linear and interference losses between the polarization modes, this corresponds to −6 ± 1 dB. The ratio of squeezing to excess noise indicates the creation of a much purer state; this ratio indeed lies an order of magnitude below those squeezing experiments that exploit traditional fibers [1]. We attribute this increased state of purity to increased effective nonlinearity and to the reduction of scattering on acoustic modes in the fiber.
Squeezed vacuum (SV) generation through third-order optical nonlinearity chi(3)is useful for generating a quantum entanglement pair based on continuous variable. However, third-order nonlinearity is usually small. Therefore, the typical interaction length should be large and ultrashort laser pulses should be used. Then, it becomes important to avoid excess phase noise, especially guided-acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) in optical fibres. In fact, so far, GAWBS has been preventing from generating SV pulses at sufficiently high squeezing levels. In this paper, we examine insusceptible chi(3)squeezing to GAWBS.