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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Generation of squeezed vacuum light pulse at non-soliton wavelength of 800 nm with a Sagnac loop fiber interferometer

Y. Fujiwara, Kenichi Hirosawa, Fumihiko Kannari

Published May 1, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Production of squeezed vacuum laser pulses at 800 nm is studied with a Sagnac fiber interferometer using a Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser. Excessive noise can be suppressed with shorter fiber lengths even with sub-picosecond laser pulses.
DOI
10.1109/cleo.2008.4552123

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We experimentally demonstrate generation of a squeezed vacuum at 800 nm with a Sagnac loop fiber interferometer. When negative dispersion is properly added to an input laser pulse to compensate for the fiber dispersion, the level of squeezing is improved. A squeezed vacuum of 0.45 dB is obtained at a dispersion of -0.0157 ps(2) for the 1.5 m-long fiber loop. Since the squeezed vacuum is degraded by guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS), the noise level of the squeezing is improved by -0.3 dB at a liquid nitrogen temperature. We also demonstrate generation of photon number squeezing at -1.3 dB.
We experimentally demonstrate the generation of a squeezed vacuum pulse at 810 nm with a fiber polarization interferometer. During femtosecond laser pulse propagation through an optical fiber in the normal dispersion regime, only self-phase modulation within a short length contributes to pulse squeezing since the laser pulse is immediately broadened. Guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) noise that increases in proportional to the fiber length is also lower with shorter fibers. Consequently, a maximum noise reduction of 2.1 dB (4.8 dB when corrected for losses) is obtained using a 40-cm-long single mode optical fiber.
We demonstrate the generation of squeezed vacuum using a wavelength-tunable soliton pulse and nonlinear polarization interferometer (NOPI). Since the soliton pulse is ideal for squeezed vacuum generation and the wavelength of the soliton pulse can be tuned easily, it is expected that we can demonstrate large squeezing over a wide wavelength range. Using NOPI, since it is possible to generate squeezed light by only passing the optical pulse through the optical fiber without spatial alignment, the squeezed light can be generated easily and stably. A maximum noise reduction of -2.46 dB below shot noise level was observed. Considering the effect of quantum efficiency, the corresponding magnitude of squeezing is estimated to be -4.22 dB. The squeezing was observed when the center wavelengths were 1625 nm and 1650 nm.
Photon-number squeezing and quadrature squeezing were studied using ultrafast fibre nonlinear optics pumped by 1.5 µm femtosecond laser pulses. To obtain quadrature squeezing using an Erbium doped fibre amplifiers (EDFA) light source, we developed temporal homodyne technology to exclude the excess noise of an EDFA light source. We also performed a quadrature squeezing experiment using an optical parametric oscillator light source in stead of an EDFA light source exhibiting substantially high excess noise. Although the photon-number squeezing of -3dB was obtained from an asymmetric Sagnac fibre loop, the quadrature noise could not decrease to less than the Shot noise level without cooling the fibre, which is presumably due to GAWBS. To suppress guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering, we refrigerated the fibre loop by liquid nitrogen, and squeezing at -0.7 dB was obtained by cooling the fiber at liquid nitrogen temperature.
Convenient methods of generating amplitude-squeezed (sub-Poissonian) light have recently been discovered, which rely on the use of soliton-like pulses in fibers. The idea of squeezing solitons in fibers is; what is new, however, is the use of femtosecond pulses in conjunction with asymmetric Sagnac loops. Since femtosecond solitons have a correspondingly high peak power, much shorter fiber lengths are required to obtain a given amount of squeezing, which directly translates into lowering of the guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering noise in the system. The use of an asymmetric Sagnac loop leads to a robust, practically very stable configuration for generating amplitude squeezing. In a related development, spectral filtering of femtosecond solitons emerging from a straight piece of fiber has also been shown to generate sub-Poissonian light.