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Journal of the Korean Physical Society

Multi-user quantum network system and quantum communication using χ-type entangled states

Changho Hong, Jin O Heo, Jong In Lim, Hyung-Jin Yang

Published Jul 1, 2012• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A multi-user quantum direct communication network system for N users utilizing χ -type entangled states is proposed. The network system is composed of a communication center, N users, and N quantum lines linking the center and the N users. There is no quantum line among users; therefore, only N quantum lines are necessary for the communication between users. Using one χ -type entangled state, in this protocol, we are able to send two bits of information through direct communication and, at the same time, share two bits of quantum keys. The security of the protocol will be analyzed.

DOI
10.3938/jkps.61.1

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A multi-user quantum direct communication network system for N users utilizing χ -type entangled states is proposed. The network system is composed of a communication center, N users, and N quantum lines linking the center and the N users. There is no quantum line among users; therefore, only N quantum lines are necessary for the communication between users. Using one χ -type entangled state, in this protocol, we are able to send two bits of information through direct communication and, at the same time, share two bits of quantum keys. The security of the protocol will be analyzed.
A multiuser quantum direct communication network system for N users utilizing χ-type entangled states is proposed. The network system is composed of a communication center, N users, and N quantum lines linking the center and the N users. There is no quantum line among users, and therefore only N quantum lines are necessary for communication between users. Using one χ-type entangled state, in this protocol we are able to send two bits of information through direct communication and, at the same time, share two bits of quantum keys. The security of the protocol is then analyzed.
A new multi-user quantum key distribution protocol with mutual authentication is proposed on a star network. Here, two arbitrary users are able to perform key distribution with the assistance of a semi-trusted center. Bell states are used as information carriers and transmitted in a quantum channel between the center and one user. A keyed hash function is utilized to ensure the identities of three parties. Finally, the security of this protocol with respect to various kinds of attacks is discussed.
Based on the entanglement feature of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states, a multi-user quantum key distribution with mutual authentication is proposed. In the protocol, a semi-trusted third party, who may misbehave on its own but will conspire with none of the participants, is introduced to help arbitrary two users on a quantum network to achieve this secure task. Firstly, the third party prepares a three-particle entangled state. Then, he keeps one particle in his hand, and sends two particles to these two users respectively. Meanwhile, a keyed one-way hash function is utilized to generate an authentication message, in terms of which three parties respectively make an appropriate single-particle measurement on the particles in their hands. According to the measurement results, the third party can verify the identity of one user. It implies that one user is able to authenticate the other user with the assistance of the third party. After that, two participants use the remainder measurement results to generate a common session key. Moreover, the practical implementation of the presented protocol is discussed, which illustrates that this protocol is feasible under the current techniques. In the end, the security of the presented protocol is analyzed. It is shown that this protocol is secure in theory by proving that the presented protocol can stand against several common attacks.
We present Authenticated Multiuser Quantum Direct Communication(MQDC) protocols using entanglement swapping. Quantum direct communication is believed to be a safe way to send a secret message without quantum key distribution. The authentication process in our protocol allows only proper users to participate in communication. In the communication stage after the authentication, any two authorized users among n users can communicate each other even though there is no quantum communication channels between them. For this protocol, we need only n quantum communication channels between the authenticator and n users. It is similar to the present telephone system in which there are n communication channels between telephone company and users and any two designated users can communicate each other using telephone line through the telephone company. The securities of our protocols are analysed to be the same as those of other quantum key distribution protocols.