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Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)

Study of optical narrow-band N-resonance formed in the vapor of isotope 87Rb atoms in an external magnetic field

R. Mirzoyan

Published Dec 27, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Narrow-band cascade N -resonance formed in a Λ-system of rubidium atoms was investigated. Radiation of two continuous narrow-band lasers was used, one of which had a fixed frequency, while the second one was a probe laser. N -resonance may have a sub-natural width and exhibits enhancement of absorption. The behavior of N -resonance in an external magnetic field was examined with use of 87 Rb atomic vapors.

DOI
10.3103/s1068337213010040

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Narrow-band cascade N -resonance formed in a Λ-system of rubidium atoms was investigated. Radiation of two continuous narrow-band lasers was used, one of which had a fixed frequency, while the second one was a probe laser. N -resonance may have a sub-natural width and exhibits enhancement of absorption. The behavior of N -resonance in an external magnetic field was examined with use of 87 Rb atomic vapors.
The narrow-band N-resonance formed in a Λ system of D 1-line rubidium atoms is studied in the presence of a buffer gas (neon) and the radiations of two continuous narrow-band diode lasers. Special-purpose cells are used to investigate the dependence of the process on vapor column thickness L in millimeter, micrometer, and nanometer ranges. A comparison of the dependences of the N-resonance and the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance on L demonstrates that the minimum (record) thickness at which the N-resonance can be detected is L = 50 μm and that a high-contrast EIT resonance can easily be formed even at L ≈ 800 nm. The N-resonance in a magnetic field for 85Rb atoms is shown to split into five or six components depending on the magnetic field and laser radiation directions. The results obtained indicate that levels F g = 2, 3 are initial and final in the N-resonance formation. The dependence of the N-resonance on the angle between the laser beams is analyzed, and practical applications are noted.
The sub-natural width N -type resonance in a Λ-system, on the D 2 line of Cs atoms is studied for the first time in the presence of a buffer gas (neon) and the radiations of two continuous narrow-band diode lasers. A L = 1 cm long cell is used to investigate the N -type process. The N -type resonance in a magnetic field for 133 Cs atoms is shown to split into seven or eight components, depending on the magnetic field and laser radiation directions. The results obtained indicate that the levels F g = 3, 4 are the initial and final ones in the N -resonance formation. The experimental results with magnetic field agree well with theoretical descriptions.
A narrowband R-type resonance is formed in a Λ-system, on the D1 line of Rb atomic vapor using two continuous diode lasers with λ=795 nm. A 8mm- long cell filled with the Rb vapor and 20 Torr neon gas has been used. We have shown that use of an additional (3rd) laser which is resonant with the Rb D2 line (λ=780 nm) makes it possible to control the amplitude and sign of the R -type resonance, i.e. to convert a resonance which demonstrates increase in absorption into one which demonstrates reduction in absorption. The good signal/noise ratio of the observed resonance allows us to follow its behavior in an applied magnetic field from several gauss to several hundred gauss. A description in terms of double-Λ systems allows us to explain the experimental results in a simple manner.
We propose a technique which we call “ L = λ Zeeman technique” (LZT) for investigation of the transitions between the Zeeman sublevels of the hfs structure of alkali metal atoms in external magnetic fields. The technique is based on the employment of a nanocell with the thickness of the Rb atom vapor column equal to the wavelength of the laser radiation, 780 nm, resonant with the atomic rubidium D 2 transition. At the laser intensities of about 1 mW/cm 2 in the transmission spectrum of the nanocell narrow (∼ 30 MHz) resonant peaks of reduced absorption appear localized exactly on the atomic transitions. In magnetic fields these peaks are split and their amplitudes and frequency positions depend on the magnetic field strength. The theoretical model well describes the experimental results.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in strong magnetic fields of up to 1.7 kG has been investigated with the use of a 30-μm cell filled with an atomic rubidium vapor and neon as a buffer gas. The EIT resonance in the Λ system of the D 1 line of 85 Rb atoms has been formed with the use of two narrowband (∼1 MHz) 795-nm diode lasers. The EIT resonance in a longitudinal magnetic field is split into five components. It has been demonstrated that the frequencies of the five EIT components are either blue- or red-shifted with an increase in the magnetic field, depending on the frequency ν P of the probe laser. In has been shown that in both cases the 85 Rb atoms enter the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime in magnetic fields of >1 kG. The hyperfine Paschen-Back regime is manifested by the frequency slopes of all five EIT components asymptotically approaching the same fixed value. The experiment agrees well with the theory.