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Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)

Splitting of N-type optical resonance formed in Λ-system of 85Rb atoms in a strong transverse magnetic field

Armen D. Sargsyan, R. Mirzoyan, A. S. Sarkisyan, A. Amiryan, David G. Sarkisyan

Published Dec 26, 2013• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study narrow-band N-type resonance formed in a Λ-system of 85 Rb atoms. Even when thin (micrometer) optical cells are employed, N-type resonance has a high contrast. We used radiation of two cw diode lasers. Peculiarities of splitting of N-type resonance into six components in a strong transverse magnetic field are studied experimentally and theoretically and the conversion to the Paschen-Back regime on the hyperfine structure of 85 Rb atoms is recorded.

DOI
10.3103/s1068337214010046

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We study narrow-band N-type resonance formed in a Λ-system of 85 Rb atoms. Even when thin (micrometer) optical cells are employed, N-type resonance has a high contrast. We used radiation of two cw diode lasers. Peculiarities of splitting of N-type resonance into six components in a strong transverse magnetic field are studied experimentally and theoretically and the conversion to the Paschen-Back regime on the hyperfine structure of 85 Rb atoms is recorded.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in strong magnetic fields of up to 1.7 kG has been investigated with the use of a 30-μm cell filled with an atomic rubidium vapor and neon as a buffer gas. The EIT resonance in the Λ system of the D 1 line of 85 Rb atoms has been formed with the use of two narrowband (∼1 MHz) 795-nm diode lasers. The EIT resonance in a longitudinal magnetic field is split into five components. It has been demonstrated that the frequencies of the five EIT components are either blue- or red-shifted with an increase in the magnetic field, depending on the frequency ν P of the probe laser. In has been shown that in both cases the 85 Rb atoms enter the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime in magnetic fields of >1 kG. The hyperfine Paschen-Back regime is manifested by the frequency slopes of all five EIT components asymptotically approaching the same fixed value. The experiment agrees well with the theory.
The narrow-band N-resonance formed in a Λ system of D 1-line rubidium atoms is studied in the presence of a buffer gas (neon) and the radiations of two continuous narrow-band diode lasers. Special-purpose cells are used to investigate the dependence of the process on vapor column thickness L in millimeter, micrometer, and nanometer ranges. A comparison of the dependences of the N-resonance and the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance on L demonstrates that the minimum (record) thickness at which the N-resonance can be detected is L = 50 μm and that a high-contrast EIT resonance can easily be formed even at L ≈ 800 nm. The N-resonance in a magnetic field for 85Rb atoms is shown to split into five or six components depending on the magnetic field and laser radiation directions. The results obtained indicate that levels F g = 2, 3 are initial and final in the N-resonance formation. The dependence of the N-resonance on the angle between the laser beams is analyzed, and practical applications are noted.
The splitting of hyperfine sublevels of the 85 Rb atom in strong magnetic fields has been studied by means of the coherent population trapping technique. Narrow resonances with a high signal-to-noise ratio have been detected in a 30-μm-thick spectroscopic cell. The magnetic field in the direction transverse to the laser beams has been created by permanent magnets and has reached 1600 G. Owing to the exclusive narrowness of the cell, the field in it is almost uniform. The break of the coupling between the electronic and nuclear moments, as well as the transition to the Paschen-Back regime in magnetic fields above 600 G, has been observed. The derivatives of the frequency shifts of the observed resonances and their asymptotic values in strong magnetic fields have been determined in terms of the magnetic field strength. The experimental results have been interpreted within a theoretical model based on the known constants of the hyperfine structure of the Rb atom.
Four different types of spectroscopic cells that cover all possible existing versions of sealed-off cells (containing alkali atomic vapor) characterized by drastically different relaxation rates γrel are used to study the electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of two Λ-systems in the D 1 line of 87Rb in the presence of transverse magnetic field. Two cw narrowband diode-lasers are used to form the coupling laser radiation (with a fixed frequency) and the probe radiation with a tunable frequency. Two strongly contrasting Λ-systems are found: the first shows resonances that are transformed from dark resonances to bright resonances in all cases apart from nanocells, whereas the second shows four dark resonances in all four different types of cell. The theoretical simulations are in good agreement with the experimental results.
The sub-natural width N -type resonance in a Λ-system, on the D 2 line of Cs atoms is studied for the first time in the presence of a buffer gas (neon) and the radiations of two continuous narrow-band diode lasers. A L = 1 cm long cell is used to investigate the N -type process. The N -type resonance in a magnetic field for 133 Cs atoms is shown to split into seven or eight components, depending on the magnetic field and laser radiation directions. The results obtained indicate that the levels F g = 3, 4 are the initial and final ones in the N -resonance formation. The experimental results with magnetic field agree well with theoretical descriptions.
We have studied the peculiarities of selective reflection from an Rb vapor cell with a thickness L<70 nm, which is smaller than the length scale of evanescent fields λ/2π and more than an order of magnitude smaller than the optical wavelength. A 240 MHz redshift due to the atom-surface interaction is observed for a cell thickness of L=40 nm. In addition, complete frequency-resolved hyperfine Paschen-Back splitting of atomic transitions to four components for Rb87 and six components for Rb87 is recorded in a strong magnetic field (B>2 kG).