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IEEE Photonics Technology Letters

Reciprocating Optical Modulation on Erbium-Doped LiNbO$_{3}$ for Harmonic Generation

So Kogahara, Satoshi Shinada, Shinya Nakajima, Tetsuya Kawanishi, Hirochika Nakajima, Masayuki Izutsu

Published Sep 17, 2007• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrated reciprocating optical modulation using erbium-doped LiNbO3crystal for high-order sideband generation and selective amplification. A Ti-diffused waveguide, formed on the crystal, had a gain of 2.1 dB/cm for 1531.4-nm signal light pumped at 1480 nm with a pump power of 200 mW/port. A sideband component of 40 GHz was successfully enhanced and a gain of 12 dB was realized.

DOI
10.1109/lpt.2007.904339

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Reciprocating Optical Modulation on Erbium-Doped LiNbO3_{3}3​ for Harmonic Generation
We demonstrated reciprocating optical modulation using erbium-doped LiNbO3crystal for high-order sideband generation and selective amplification. A Ti-diffused waveguide, formed on the crystal, had a gain of 2.1 dB/cm for 1531.4-nm signal light pumped at 1480 nm with a pump power of 200 mW/port. A sideband component of 40 GHz was successfully enhanced and a gain of 12 dB was realized.
Abstract Optical amplifiers are fundamental to modern photonics, enabling long-distance communications, precision sensing, and quantum information processing. Erbium-doped amplifiers dominate telecommunications but are restricted to specific wavelength bands, while semiconductor amplifiers offer broader coverage but suffer from high noise and nonlinear distortions. Optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) promise broadband, quantum-limited amplification across arbitrary wavelengths. However, their miniaturization and deployment has been hampered by watt-level power requirements. Here we demonstrate an integrated OPA on thin-film lithium niobate that achieves > 17 dB gain with < 200 mW input power -- an order of magnitude improvement over previous demonstrations. Our second-harmonic-resonant design enhances both pump generation efficiency (95% conversion) and pump power utilization through recirculation, without sacrificing bandwidth. The resonant architecture increases the effective pump power by nearly an order of magnitude compared to conventional single-pass designs, while also multiplexing the signal and pump. We demonstrate flat near-quantum-limited noise performance over 110 nm. Our low-power architecture enables practical on-chip OPAs for next generation quantum and classical photonics.
We report on efficient generation of continuous-wave squeezed light and second harmonics with a periodically poled MgO:LiNbO(3) (PPMgLN) crystal which enables us to utilize the large nonlinear optical coefficient d(33). We achieved the squeezing level of -7.60+/-0.15 dB at 860 nm by utilizing a subthreshold optical parametric oscillator with a PPMgLN crystal. We also generated 400 mW of second harmonics at 430 nm from 570 mW of fundamental waves with 70% of conversion efficiency by using a PPMgLN crystal inside an external cavity.