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Journal of Modern Optics

Multi-peakedVersusTwo-peaked Spectrum of Double Optical Resonance

R. Parzyński

Published Jul 1, 1989• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Within an analytically solvable model, the theory is studied of the effects of atomic-level structure both on ionisation and on the fluorescence spectrum of double optical resonance. Peaks due to this structure, which appear in addition to the Autler-Townes doublet, can now be given a concise description by means of an analytical formula that has a wide range of application. To illustrate the theory, the formula is applied to the cases of barium and sodium.

DOI
10.1080/09500348914551011

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Within an analytically solvable model, the theory is studied of the effects of atomic-level structure both on ionisation and on the fluorescence spectrum of double optical resonance. Peaks due to this structure, which appear in addition to the Autler-Townes doublet, can now be given a concise description by means of an analytical formula that has a wide range of application. To illustrate the theory, the formula is applied to the cases of barium and sodium.
A ladder-type model of double optical resonance, extended by allowing some internal structure for the middle level, is considered and its classical analogue is given. Ionization and photoelectron energy spectra from such a model with singlet, doublet and triplet middle-level structures are evaluated numerically for a wide range of laser pulse intensities and durations. The topics of most interest are peak narrowing by extremely strong upper-level ionization damping, reversal of the peak-height asymmetry by increasing lower-resonance strength at non-zero upper-resonance detuning, and number-of-peak reduction and flattening of the spectrum by shortening of the atom-photon interaction time. When applied to natural barium, this model gives results in good agreement with experiment.
We suggest an atomic scheme of Autler–Townes quadruplet spectroscopy by extending the concepts of Autler–Townes doublet and triplet spectroscopy. The present scheme is analyzed in detail with the help of a state vector approach to calculate its emission spectrum. By applying rotating wave and Weisskopf–Wigner approximations to our proposed scheme, we have successfully attained a simple analytical expression of the spectrum interpreting the basic mechanism involved in the process of quantum interference. All the spectroscopic parameters, like the locations of dark lines and the locations and widths of all the peaks, are presented in analytical form. These analyses provide a better understanding of the phenomenon of the Autler–Townes quadruplet spectrum.
Two-laser multiphoton ionisation under the autoionising-like resonance condition is studied theoretically within an extended atomic model dictated by the experiment of Feldmann et al (1986). Ordinary coupling between a selected pair of bound states via the continuum only is supplemented in the author's model by Raman-type coupling involving the atomic spectrum below the ionisation threshold. In the case considered this additional Raman coupling enhances the ionisation rate to a much greater extent than the coupling via the continuum can do. The Raman coupling modifies the autoionising-like shape parameter and is decisive as far as the resonance peak profile is concerned. Exploiting this Raman coupling within the atomic model with four effective bound states, the author gives explanations for all the details of the ionisation spectrum detected by Feldmann et al, i.e. the number of resonance peaks, their strength, fine structure, shape, relative heights and sensitivity to the laser field.
Feneuille and Schweighofer (1975) have used a three-level model to discuss the observation of the Autler-Townes effect in a two-step resonance experiment. A numerical investigation is presented in which the effect of the neighbouring non-resonant hyperfine levels is taken into account. Firstly all the levels are treated as non-degenerate, and then degeneracy is allowed for. It is found that both the inclusion of the neighbouring states and allowance for their degeneracy cause a large change in the expected upper-state population, especially at high light intensities. It is concluded that the resonant three-level model is a poor model in this situation.