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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Modulation of LIF emitted by trapped ions by variation of trapping potential

A. Walaszyk, A. Buczek, Wojciech Koczorowski, Danuta Stefańska, Gustaw Szawioła, Ewa Stachowska

Published Jun 1, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In laser induced fluorescence signal of Pr+ ions stored in a Paul trap an effect of intensity modulation with scanning of the operating point along a axis has been observed. So far only initial results are available and unequivocal interpretation of this effect cannot be given yet but it is most likely concerned with some collective behavior of the ion cloud.

DOI
10.1117/12.629479

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In laser induced fluorescence signal of Pr+ ions stored in a Paul trap an effect of intensity modulation with scanning of the operating point along a axis has been observed. So far only initial results are available and unequivocal interpretation of this effect cannot be given yet but it is most likely concerned with some collective behavior of the ion cloud.
The first observation of Pr+ ions stored in a Paul trap is reported.Initially the ions were observed by the electronic detection method, and further the laser induced fluorescence, following resonance absorption at a certain optical transition in Pr+ ion, which is excited from the ground state, was recorded.Moreover, fluorescence signal following the excitation from a low-lying metastable state could be detected.The Paul trap system and some other parts of tle experimental setup were constructed within the frame of this work and thus are briefly described in the present contribution.PACS numbers: 32.80.Pj of the equipment of the laser-spectroscopic laboratory to our group, and for having partially involved one of the authors (D.S.) in the experiments in the Paul trap, particularly with HΣ+ ions.Many valuable hints concerning the practical aspects of the experiments in the Paul trap are also deeply appreciated.
A cloud of three-level ions (Ba+{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}Ba+) confined in a Paul trap was illuminated with two lasers and the resulting fluorescence was observed as a function of the laser detunings from the ionic resonance. The observed spectra show features due to the oscillatory motion of the trapped ions. In order to describe the observed line shapes, calculations are presented in which the ion ensemble is separated in classes of velocity amplitudes of the oscillatory motion rather than velocity classes.
Clouds of two to about fifty simultaneously stored, laser-cooled Mg+{\mathrm{Mg}}^{+}Mg+ ions in a Paul trap were observed in two phases, which are clearly distinguishable by their excitation spectra. Transitions between these phases can be induced either by a variation of the power of the laser radiation used to cool the ions or by a change of the size of the radio-frequency voltage applied to the trap. Transitions between a "crystalline" phase and a "gaseous" phase can be repeatedly observed by variation of the appropriate parameters. The two phases and the transitions between them have also been recorded by a photon-counting image system.
Micromotion of ions in Paul traps has several adverse effects, including alterations of atomic transition line shapes, significant second-order Doppler shifts in high-accuracy studies, and limited confinement time in the absence of cooling. The ac electric field that causes the micromotion may also induce significant Stark shifts in atomic transitions. We describe three methods of detecting micromotion. The first relies on the change of the average ion position as the trap potentials are changed. The second monitors the amplitude of the sidebands of a narrow atomic transition, caused by the first-order Doppler shift due to the micromotion. The last technique detects the Doppler shift induced modulation of the fluorescence rate of a broad atomic transition. We discuss the detection sensitivity of each method to Doppler and Stark shifts, and show experimental results using the last technique.