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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Reliable source of conditional states by multiple-photon subtraction using hybrid photodetectors

Maria Bondani, Alessia Allevi, Marco G. Genoni, Federica A. Beduini, Stefano Olivares, Alessandra Andreoni

Published May 1, 2012• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By using hybrid photodetectors we exploited the photon-number correlations existing in bipartite optical states to demonstrate the effect of multiple-photon subtraction on the generation of conditional states in the pulsed regime. We operated on both classical and quantum Gaussian bipartite states in the mesoscopic regime without background subtraction and corrections. The obtained conditional states are non-Gaussian in nature, thus particularly useful for applications to Quantum Information. All the experimental results are in excellent agreement with theoretical models.

DOI
10.1117/12.919368

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By using hybrid photodetectors we exploited the photon-number correlations existing in bipartite optical states to demonstrate the effect of multiple-photon subtraction on the generation of conditional states in the pulsed regime. We operated on both classical and quantum Gaussian bipartite states in the mesoscopic regime without background subtraction and corrections. The obtained conditional states are non-Gaussian in nature, thus particularly useful for applications to Quantum Information. All the experimental results are in excellent agreement with theoretical models.
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We demonstrate that by using a pair of hybrid photodetectors, it is possible to quantify the photon-number correlation coefficient between the components of a classical state described by non-trivial statistics and by a non-Gaussian Wigner function. The measurements, performed in the quite unexplored mesoscopic domain (up to 100 photons incident onto the detector), are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions, and thus open the possibility of performing further tests on this exotic state for its application in the field of quantum information.
We implement a direct detection scheme based on hybrid photodetectors to experimentally investigate high-order correlations for detected photons by means of experimentally accessible quantities. The scheme is self-consistent, allowing the estimation of all the involved parameters (quantum efficiency, number of modes, and average energy). In particular, we show how high-order correlation functions can be exploited to fully characterize bipartite multimode states in regimes realistic for quantum technology, that is, in the mesoscopic photon-number domain and with limited quantum efficiency. Furthermore, we introduce a nonclassicality criterion based on a simple linear combination of high-order correlation functions.
We measure high-order correlation functions of detected-photon numbers in the mesoscopic regime by means of hybrid photodetectors. The analytical expressions for correlations are evaluated in terms of quantities that can be experimentally accessed by a selfconsistent analysis of the detectors' outputs. We demonstrate that high-order correlations can be used to characterize the nature of the optical states, for instance by better discriminating between classical and quantum behavior even in critical situations, such as multimode twin-beam state. The results are in very good agreement with the theory, both for classical states and quantum states.
We demonstrate that by using pairs of photodetectors endowed with internal gain we are able to quantify the photon-number correlation coefficient between the two components of a pulsed bipartite state in the "mesoscopic" intensity regime (less than 100 mean photons). We compare the performances of hybrid photoemissive detectors to those of multipixel silicon photon counters and demonstrate that the absence of significant noise allows the evaluation of the variance of the distribution of the differences in photon numbers, and hence of the shot-noise level, without any correction.