Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Correlated imaging with entangled light beams

A. Gatti, E. Brambilla, Luigi A. Lugiato

Published Feb 3, 2004• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We formulate a theory for entangled imaging, which includes also the case of a large number of photons in the two entangled beams. We show that the results for imaging and the wave-particle duality features, which have been demonstrated in the microscopic case, persist in the macroscopic domain. Although the visibility of the information retrieved via correlation measurements in the regime of high photon number is lower than in the coincidence counting regime, we show that efficient reconstruction of both the image and the diffraction pattern of an object is possible.

DOI
10.1117/12.504781

Related papers

Entangled imaging in the large photon number regime

A. Gatti, E. Brambilla, Morten Bache +1 more

We formulate a theory for entangled imaging that includes the case of a large number of photons in \nthe two entangled beams. We show that the results for imaging and the wave–particle duality features, which \nhave been demonstrated in the microscopic case, persist in the macroscopic domain. Although the visibility of \nthe information retrieved via correlation measurements in the regime of a high number of photons is lower than \nin the coincidence counting regime, we show that efficient reconstruction of both the image and the diffraction \npattern of an object is possible

•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations

Entangled Imaging and Wave-Particle Duality: From the Microscopic to the Macroscopic Realm

A. Gatti, E. Brambilla, Luigi A. Lugiato

We formulate a theory for entangled imaging, which includes also the case of a large number of photons in the two entangled beams. We show that the results for imaging and for the wave-particle duality features, which have been demonstrated in the microscopic case, persist in the macroscopic domain. We show that the quantum character of the imaging phenomena is guaranteed by the simultaneous spatial entanglement in the near and in the far field.

arXiv:quant-ph/0210109•Physical Review Letters•Apr 3, 2003•171 citations

Entangled imaging and wave-particle duality: from the microscopic to the macroscopic realm

A. Gatti, E. Brambilla, Luigi A. Lugiato

A theory for entangled two-photon imaging (EPI) that holds for arbitrary gain and also encompasses the case in which a macroscopic number of photons are detected in each pulse is formulated.

European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)•Jan 1, 2003•12 citations

Quantum and Classical Coincidence Imaging

Ryan S. Bennink, Sean J. Bentley, Robert W. Boyd +1 more

Coincidence, or ghost, imaging is a technique that uses two correlated optical fields to form an image of an object. In this work we identify aspects of coincidence imaging which can be performed with classically correlated light sources and aspects which require quantum entanglement. We find that entangled photons allow high-contrast, high-resolution imaging to be performed at any distance from the light source. We demonstrate this fact by forming ghost images in the near and far fields of an entangled photon source, noting that the product of the resolutions of these images is a factor of 3 better than that which is allowed by classical diffraction theory.

Physical Review Letters•Jan 22, 2004•418 citations

Quantum Phase Imaging using Spatial Entanglement

Chien-Hung Lu, Matthew C. Reichert, Sun, Xiaohang +1 more

Entangled photons have the remarkable ability to be more sensitive to signal and less sensitive to noise than classical light. Joint photons can sample an object collectively, resulting in faster phase accumulation and higher spatial resolution, while common components of noise can be subtracted. Even more, they can accomplish this while physically separate, due to the nonlocal properties of quantum mechanics. Indeed, nearly all quantum optics experiments rely on this separation, using individual point detectors that are scanned to measure coincidence counts and correlations. Scanning, however, is tedious, time consuming, and ill-suited for imaging. Moreover, the separation of beam paths adds complexity to the system while reducing the number of photons available for sampling, and the multiplicity of detectors does not scale well for greater numbers of photons and higher orders of entanglement. We bypass all of these problems here by directly imaging collinear photon pairs with an electron-multiplying CCD camera. We show explicitly the benefits of quantum nonlocality by engineering the spatial entanglement of the illuminating photons and introduce a new method of correlation measurement by converting time-domain coincidence counting into spatial-domain detection of selected pixels. We show that classical transport-of-intensity methods are applicable in the quantum domain and experimentally demonstrate nearly optimal (Heisenberg-limited) phase measurement for the given quantum illumination. The methods show the power of direct imaging and hold much potential for more general types of quantum information processing and control.

arXiv:1509.01227•Sep 3, 2015•1 citation

Correlated imaging with macroscopic fields

E. Brambilla, A. Gatti, Morten Bache +1 more

Abstract We demonstrate analytically that correlated imaging in the regime of large photon number can be implemented using both a classical and an entangled source. The classically correlated beams are obtained by dividing thermal radiation by a beam splitter while entangled beams are obtained through parametric down‐conversion. By treating the two system in parallel, a formal analogy is outlined between the two cases showing that classical beams can mimic qualitatively all the imaging features of the entangled beams. We also propose a method to improve substantially the imaging performances of correlated imaging which is based on homodyne detection combined with spatial averages.

Fortschritte der Physik•Oct 11, 2004•5 citations
We formulate a theory for entangled imaging, which includes also the case of a large number of photons in the two entangled beams. We show that the results for imaging and the wave-particle duality features, which have been demonstrated in the microscopic case, persist in the macroscopic domain. Although the visibility of the information retrieved via correlation measurements in the regime of high photon number is lower than in the coincidence counting regime, we show that efficient reconstruction of both the image and the diffraction pattern of an object is possible.
We formulate a theory for entangled imaging that includes the case of a large number of photons in \nthe two entangled beams. We show that the results for imaging and the wave–particle duality features, which \nhave been demonstrated in the microscopic case, persist in the macroscopic domain. Although the visibility of \nthe information retrieved via correlation measurements in the regime of a high number of photons is lower than \nin the coincidence counting regime, we show that efficient reconstruction of both the image and the diffraction \npattern of an object is possible
Coincidence, or ghost, imaging is a technique that uses two correlated optical fields to form an image of an object. In this work we identify aspects of coincidence imaging which can be performed with classically correlated light sources and aspects which require quantum entanglement. We find that entangled photons allow high-contrast, high-resolution imaging to be performed at any distance from the light source. We demonstrate this fact by forming ghost images in the near and far fields of an entangled photon source, noting that the product of the resolutions of these images is a factor of 3 better than that which is allowed by classical diffraction theory.
Entangled photons have the remarkable ability to be more sensitive to signal and less sensitive to noise than classical light. Joint photons can sample an object collectively, resulting in faster phase accumulation and higher spatial resolution, while common components of noise can be subtracted. Even more, they can accomplish this while physically separate, due to the nonlocal properties of quantum mechanics. Indeed, nearly all quantum optics experiments rely on this separation, using individual point detectors that are scanned to measure coincidence counts and correlations. Scanning, however, is tedious, time consuming, and ill-suited for imaging. Moreover, the separation of beam paths adds complexity to the system while reducing the number of photons available for sampling, and the multiplicity of detectors does not scale well for greater numbers of photons and higher orders of entanglement. We bypass all of these problems here by directly imaging collinear photon pairs with an electron-multiplying CCD camera. We show explicitly the benefits of quantum nonlocality by engineering the spatial entanglement of the illuminating photons and introduce a new method of correlation measurement by converting time-domain coincidence counting into spatial-domain detection of selected pixels. We show that classical transport-of-intensity methods are applicable in the quantum domain and experimentally demonstrate nearly optimal (Heisenberg-limited) phase measurement for the given quantum illumination. The methods show the power of direct imaging and hold much potential for more general types of quantum information processing and control.
Abstract We demonstrate analytically that correlated imaging in the regime of large photon number can be implemented using both a classical and an entangled source. The classically correlated beams are obtained by dividing thermal radiation by a beam splitter while entangled beams are obtained through parametric down‐conversion. By treating the two system in parallel, a formal analogy is outlined between the two cases showing that classical beams can mimic qualitatively all the imaging features of the entangled beams. We also propose a method to improve substantially the imaging performances of correlated imaging which is based on homodyne detection combined with spatial averages.