Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

An experimental investigation of the atomic europium anion

V. T. Davis, J. S. Thompson

Published Apr 24, 2004• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The electron affinity (EA) of europium has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The EA of Eu(8S7/2) was determined to be 1.053 ± 0.025 eV. The data also show that Eu− has at least one bound excited state with binding energy of 0.864 ± 0.024 eV relative to the ground state of the europium atom. The experimental results are consistent with recent EA measurements of lanthanide atoms whose anions are predicted to have [Xe](4fn 6p) (where n is odd) configurations.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/37/9/015

Related papers

Measurement of the electron affinity of praseodymium

V. T. Davis, J. S. Thompson

The electron affinity (EA) of praseodymium (Pr) has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The EA of Pr( 4 I 9/2 ) was determined to be 0.962±0.024 eV. The data also show that Pr - has at least one bound excited state with a binding energy of 0.866±0.018 eV relative to the ground state of the Pr atom. The present experimental measurements are compared to a recent calculation of the electronic structure of Pr - .

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Dec 19, 2001•13 citations

Measurement of the electron affinity of thulium

V. T. Davis, J. S. Thompson

The electron affinity of thulium has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The electron affinity of $\mathrm{Tm}{(}^{2}{F}_{7/2})$ was determined to be $1.029\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.022\mathrm{eV}.$ The data also show that ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ has at least one bound excited state with a binding energy of $0.979\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017\mathrm{eV}$ relative to the ground state of the thulium atom. The present experimental measurements are compared to a recent calculation of the electronic structure of ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ and a recent experimental investigation of ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}.$

Physical Review A•Dec 12, 2001•20 citations

Measurement of the electron affinity of the lanthanum atom

Yuzhu Lu, Rulin Tang, Xiaoxi Fu +1 more

Atomic lanthanum anion ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is the best candidate for laser cooling of any atomic anions found so far. The bound-bound electric dipole transitions of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ have been identified and measured. Theoretical studies have shown that ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ has a very complicated electronic structure, which cannot be well resolved by the traditional photoelectron spectroscopy. In the present work, we report high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ via the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method in combination with an ion trap. The electron affinity of La was determined to be $4496.97(20)\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ or 0.557 553(25) eV. In addition, the energy levels of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, $^{3}F_{3}^{e}$, $^{3}F_{4}^{e}$, $^{1}D_{2}^{e}$, $^{1}D_{2}^{o}$, $^{3}P_{0}^{e}$, $^{3}P_{1}^{e}$, and $^{3}P_{2}^{e}$, were also determined.

Physical Review A•Jun 17, 2019•20 citations

High-resolution measurement of the electron affinity of cesium

José E. Navarro Navarrete, Miranda Nichols, Annie Ringvall-Moberg +9 more

Negative ions are unique quantum systems where electron correlation plays a decisive role in determining their properties. The lack of optically allowed transitions prevents traditional optical spectroscopy and the electron affinity is, therefore, for most elements, the only atomic quantity that can be determined with high accuracy. In this work, we present a high-precision experimental determination of the electron affinity of cesium. A collinear laser-ion beam apparatus was used to investigate the partial photodetachment cross section for the cesium anion, leaving the neutral atom in the 6p 2P3/2 excited state. A resonance ionization scheme was used to obtain final-state selectivity, which enabled the investigation of a sharp onset of the cross section associated with a Wigner s -wave threshold behavior. The electron affinity was determined to be 0.4715983(38)eV . Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Physical Review A•Feb 21, 2024•4 citations

Accurate electron affinity of lanthanum atom

Yuzhu Lu, Rulin Tang, Xiaoxi Fu +1 more

Synopsis Atomic lanthanum anion La− is the best candidate for laser cooling of any atomic anions by far. The previous theoretical studies showed that La− has very a complicated electronic structure, which cannot be well resolved by the traditional photoelectron spectroscopy. In the present work, we used the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method in combination with an ion trap to measure the electronic structure of La−. The electron affinity of La is accurately determined to be 4496.97(20) cm−1 or 0.557553(25) eV.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Jan 1, 2020•0 citations

La− binding energies by analysis of its photodetachment spectra

Lin Pan, Donald R. Beck

This study reinterprets an earlier experimental photoelectron kinetic energy spectrum of the negative ion of lanthanum [A. M. Covington, D. Calabrese, J. S. Thompson, and T. J. Kvale, J. Phys. B 31, L855 (1998)] by carrying out relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) photodetachment calculations. The results confirm the earlier RCI calculation for the electron affinity of lanthanum (0.545 eV) [S. M. O'Malley and D. R. Beck, Phys. Rev. A 79, 012511 (2009)] and revise it to a slightly larger value of 0.550 eV, thus modifying the experimental interpretation of $0.47\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$ eV. The calculation also yields the binding energies of the other thirteen bound states of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. Good agreement has been found when these energies are compared to the results of a recent experimental study on ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ [C. W. Walter, N. D. Gibson, D. J. Matyas, C. T. Crocker, K. A. Dungan, B. R. Matola, and J. Rohl\'en, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 063001 (2014)]. Finally, our analysis confirms the transition energy for the potential laser cooling transition of ${}^{3}{F}_{2}^{e}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{}^{3}{D}_{1}^{o}$ in ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$.

Physical Review A•Jun 1, 2016•10 citations
The electron affinity (EA) of europium has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The EA of Eu(8S7/2) was determined to be 1.053 ± 0.025 eV. The data also show that Eu− has at least one bound excited state with binding energy of 0.864 ± 0.024 eV relative to the ground state of the europium atom. The experimental results are consistent with recent EA measurements of lanthanide atoms whose anions are predicted to have [Xe](4fn 6p) (where n is odd) configurations.
The electron affinity of thulium has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The electron affinity of Tm(2F7/2)\mathrm{Tm}{(}^{2}{F}_{7/2})Tm(2F7/2​) was determined to be $1.029\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.022\mathrm{eV}.$ The data also show that ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ has at least one bound excited state with a binding energy of $0.979\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017\mathrm{eV}$ relative to the ground state of the thulium atom. The present experimental measurements are compared to a recent calculation of the electronic structure of ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ and a recent experimental investigation of ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}.$
Atomic lanthanum anion ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is the best candidate for laser cooling of any atomic anions found so far. The bound-bound electric dipole transitions of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ have been identified and measured. Theoretical studies have shown that ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ has a very complicated electronic structure, which cannot be well resolved by the traditional photoelectron spectroscopy. In the present work, we report high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ via the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method in combination with an ion trap. The electron affinity of La was determined to be $4496.97(20)\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ or 0.557 553(25) eV. In addition, the energy levels of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, 3F3e^{3}F_{3}^{e}3F3e​, 3F4e^{3}F_{4}^{e}3F4e​, 1D2e^{1}D_{2}^{e}1D2e​, 1D2o^{1}D_{2}^{o}1D2o​, 3P0e^{3}P_{0}^{e}3P0e​, 3P1e^{3}P_{1}^{e}3P1e​, and 3P2e^{3}P_{2}^{e}3P2e​, were also determined.
Negative ions are unique quantum systems where electron correlation plays a decisive role in determining their properties. The lack of optically allowed transitions prevents traditional optical spectroscopy and the electron affinity is, therefore, for most elements, the only atomic quantity that can be determined with high accuracy. In this work, we present a high-precision experimental determination of the electron affinity of cesium. A collinear laser-ion beam apparatus was used to investigate the partial photodetachment cross section for the cesium anion, leaving the neutral atom in the 6p 2P3/2 excited state. A resonance ionization scheme was used to obtain final-state selectivity, which enabled the investigation of a sharp onset of the cross section associated with a Wigner s -wave threshold behavior. The electron affinity was determined to be 0.4715983(38)eV . Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Synopsis Atomic lanthanum anion La− is the best candidate for laser cooling of any atomic anions by far. The previous theoretical studies showed that La− has very a complicated electronic structure, which cannot be well resolved by the traditional photoelectron spectroscopy. In the present work, we used the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method in combination with an ion trap to measure the electronic structure of La−. The electron affinity of La is accurately determined to be 4496.97(20) cm−1 or 0.557553(25) eV.
This study reinterprets an earlier experimental photoelectron kinetic energy spectrum of the negative ion of lanthanum [A. M. Covington, D. Calabrese, J. S. Thompson, and T. J. Kvale, J. Phys. B 31, L855 (1998)] by carrying out relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) photodetachment calculations. The results confirm the earlier RCI calculation for the electron affinity of lanthanum (0.545 eV) [S. M. O'Malley and D. R. Beck, Phys. Rev. A 79, 012511 (2009)] and revise it to a slightly larger value of 0.550 eV, thus modifying the experimental interpretation of $0.47\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$ eV. The calculation also yields the binding energies of the other thirteen bound states of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. Good agreement has been found when these energies are compared to the results of a recent experimental study on ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ [C. W. Walter, N. D. Gibson, D. J. Matyas, C. T. Crocker, K. A. Dungan, B. R. Matola, and J. Rohl\'en, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 063001 (2014)]. Finally, our analysis confirms the transition energy for the potential laser cooling transition of ${}^{3}{F}_{2}^{e}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{}^{3}{D}_{1}^{o}$ in ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$.