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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Measurement of the electron affinity of praseodymium

V. T. Davis, J. S. Thompson

Published Dec 19, 2001• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The electron affinity (EA) of praseodymium (Pr) has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The EA of Pr( 4 I 9/2 ) was determined to be 0.962±0.024 eV. The data also show that Pr - has at least one bound excited state with a binding energy of 0.866±0.018 eV relative to the ground state of the Pr atom. The present experimental measurements are compared to a recent calculation of the electronic structure of Pr - .

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/35/1/102

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The electron affinity (EA) of praseodymium (Pr) has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The EA of Pr( 4 I 9/2 ) was determined to be 0.962±0.024 eV. The data also show that Pr - has at least one bound excited state with a binding energy of 0.866±0.018 eV relative to the ground state of the Pr atom. The present experimental measurements are compared to a recent calculation of the electronic structure of Pr - .
The electron affinity of thulium has been measured using laser photodetachment electron spectroscopy. The electron affinity of Tm(2F7/2)\mathrm{Tm}{(}^{2}{F}_{7/2})Tm(2F7/2​) was determined to be $1.029\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.022\mathrm{eV}.$ The data also show that ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ has at least one bound excited state with a binding energy of $0.979\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017\mathrm{eV}$ relative to the ground state of the thulium atom. The present experimental measurements are compared to a recent calculation of the electronic structure of ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ and a recent experimental investigation of ${\mathrm{Tm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}.$
Negative ions are unique quantum systems where electron correlation plays a decisive role in determining their properties. The lack of optically allowed transitions prevents traditional optical spectroscopy and the electron affinity is, therefore, for most elements, the only atomic quantity that can be determined with high accuracy. In this work, we present a high-precision experimental determination of the electron affinity of cesium. A collinear laser-ion beam apparatus was used to investigate the partial photodetachment cross section for the cesium anion, leaving the neutral atom in the 6p 2P3/2 excited state. A resonance ionization scheme was used to obtain final-state selectivity, which enabled the investigation of a sharp onset of the cross section associated with a Wigner s -wave threshold behavior. The electron affinity was determined to be 0.4715983(38)eV . Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Valence shell relativistic configuration-interaction calculations for 6p attachments to the Pr ground state yield two bound states for the configuration 4${\mathit{f}}^{3}666{\mathit{s}}^{2}$6p. The two levels (J) and their electron affinities (EA) are (J, EA (eV))=(4, 0.110) and (5, 0.128). We were unable to find any evidence for 5d or 4f attachments. These results are consistent with the relatively modest experimental yields obtained for ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$.
We have observed a threshold in the electron photodetachment cross section of ${^{88}S\mathrm{r}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ions at a photon energy $h\ensuremath{\nu}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1.820\mathrm{eV}$ and assign it to a ppp-wave transition from the 5s25p2P{5s}^{2}5p^{2}P5s25p2P ground state in ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ to the 5s5p3P5s5p^{3}P5s5p3P state in neutral Sr. The measurement was made with a new technique combining the tunable laser photodetachment threshold method with accelerator mass spectrometry. We determine for the first time the electron affinity of Sr to be $48\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6\mathrm{meV}$, much smaller than predicted in recent calculations. The 2P1/2^{2}P_{1/2}2P1/2​- 2P3/2^{2}P_{3/2}2P3/2​ fine splitting of the ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ground state is estimated to be $26\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}8\mathrm{meV}$.
Atomic lanthanum anion ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is the best candidate for laser cooling of any atomic anions found so far. The bound-bound electric dipole transitions of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ have been identified and measured. Theoretical studies have shown that ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ has a very complicated electronic structure, which cannot be well resolved by the traditional photoelectron spectroscopy. In the present work, we report high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ via the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method in combination with an ion trap. The electron affinity of La was determined to be $4496.97(20)\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ or 0.557 553(25) eV. In addition, the energy levels of ${\mathrm{La}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, 3F3e^{3}F_{3}^{e}3F3e​, 3F4e^{3}F_{4}^{e}3F4e​, 1D2e^{1}D_{2}^{e}1D2e​, 1D2o^{1}D_{2}^{o}1D2o​, 3P0e^{3}P_{0}^{e}3P0e​, 3P1e^{3}P_{1}^{e}3P1e​, and 3P2e^{3}P_{2}^{e}3P2e​, were also determined.