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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Manipulation of the population of hyperfine sublevels by pulsed resonance electromagnetic fields

S. B. Sazonov

Published Jun 1, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A method has been proposed for rapidly and deeply changing the population in the system of unequally populated hyperfine atomic levels, including the ground-state sublevels, due to the impact of mutually coherent pulsed resonance electromagnetic fields. The method can be implemented, e.g., to create new schemes of the amplification or effective absorption of the radiation passing through a medium, to develop the new field of quantum electronics, spintronics, involving the current of polarized electrons, and to create new schemes of quantum computers.

DOI
10.1134/s0021364010120064

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A method has been proposed for rapidly and deeply changing the population in the system of unequally populated hyperfine atomic levels, including the ground-state sublevels, due to the impact of mutually coherent pulsed resonance electromagnetic fields. The method can be implemented, e.g., to create new schemes of the amplification or effective absorption of the radiation passing through a medium, to develop the new field of quantum electronics, spintronics, involving the current of polarized electrons, and to create new schemes of quantum computers.
A method is proposed for fast and deep polarization of the system of hyperfine sublevels of the ground state of an atom having an optical excited state by means of two-component microwave pulses. The pulse of the bichromatic optical field that induces the transitions between the ground state and excited state of the atom is supposed to provide coherence among the hyperfine sublevels of the atomic ground state via the effect of coherent population trapping. The subsequent resonance microwave pulses create the polarization of equally populated ground state sublevels of the atom. The proposed polarization technique may be used for designing the new schemes of quantum computers, for the pulse transformation in optical experiments when light passes through a resonant medium containing rear-earth ions, as well as for producing polarized nuclear targets.
The interaction of classical and quantized electromagnetic fields with an ensemble of atoms in an optical cavity is considered. Four fields drive a double-lambda level scheme in the atoms, consisting of a pair of lambda systems sharing the same set of lower levels. Two of the fields produce maximum coherence, rho12 = -1/2, between the ground state sublevels 1 and 2. This pumping scheme involves equal intensity fields that are resonant with both the one and two-photon transitions of the lambda system. There is no steady-state absorption of these fields, implying that the fields induce a type electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in the medium. An additional pair of fields interacting with the second lambda system, combined with the EIT fields, leads to squeezing of the atom spin associated with the ground state sublevels. Our method involves a new mechanism for creating steady-state spin squeezing using an optical cavity. As the cooperativity parameter C is increased, the optimal squeezing varies as C^{-1/3}. For experimentally accessible values of C, squeezing as large as 90% can be achieved.
Nonstationary theory of polarized light pulse propagation through the medium with resonant transition 1/2 -1/2 is developed with taking into account complexity of the medium nonlinear refractive index. The theory is developed based on the irreducible tensor formalism which allows diagonalizing relaxations matrix and introducing effective decay times associated with the population relaxation, as well as relaxation of coherence between magnetic sublevels of the resonant system. It is shown that as a result of interference of magnetic sublevels in the polarized radiation field the inversionless amplification of radiation occurs due to optical pumping process. The dependence of inversionless amplification on the line broadening and resonance detuning is studied.