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Journal of Modern Optics

High-efficiency Raman Conversion of XeCl Laser Radiation in Lead Vapour

Qihong Lou, Hongping Guo, Yunsheng Huo

Published Feb 1, 1989• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Raman energy-conversion efficiency in lead vapour as high as 52% was obtained with a pumping XeCl excimer laser used in an unstable-resonator configuration. The characteristics of stimulated Raman scattering in lead vapour pumped by the XeCl laser with unstable and stable resonators were compared in detail. Relaxation oscillations of the Raman-shifted pulse were observed, and these are related to the effect of ground-state depletion of atoms in the lead vapour.

DOI
10.1080/09500348914550271

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Raman energy-conversion efficiency in lead vapour as high as 52% was obtained with a pumping XeCl excimer laser used in an unstable-resonator configuration. The characteristics of stimulated Raman scattering in lead vapour pumped by the XeCl laser with unstable and stable resonators were compared in detail. Relaxation oscillations of the Raman-shifted pulse were observed, and these are related to the effect of ground-state depletion of atoms in the lead vapour.
An experimental investigation was made of stimulated Raman scattering (STRS) of excimer laser radiation in barium, thulium, and europium vapors. The energy of XeF* laser radiation ( λ = 351 nm) converted to the yellow range (585 nm) in barium vapor was 6 mJ and the conversion efficiency was ∼39%. The spectral composition of the converted radiation is governed by the STRS, by four-wave parametric processes, and also by lasing due to the natural barium transition. Selection of the pump frequencies is required to concentrate the converted radiation at a single frequency and to reduce its divergence. Stimulated Raman scattering of XeCl* laser radiation ( λ = 308 nm) was achieved in thulium vapor at λ = 422 nm. In europium vapor in quasiresonance with the 6 s 2 8 S 0 1/2 –5 d 2 10 P 0 11/2 forbidden transition, stimulated emission was obtained due to the natural 5 d 2 10 P 0 11/2 –6 s 6 p 10 P 11/2 and 5 d 2 10 P 0 11/2 –6 s 6 p 10 P 3/2 transitions.
The effects of ground-state depletion of atoms on the characteristics of stimulated Raman scattering in metal vapors are studied by simultaneously solving the rate equation of the atomic energy levels related in the Raman scattering, and the equations describing the energy conversion from the focused pump-laser pulses to the Raman down-converted pulses. The ground states of metal atoms are depleted most strongly in the regions near the focal spots of the pump beams because of the higher intensities of light and smaller available medium volume in those regions. This will result in the unsymmetrical shapes of the Raman-shifted pulses for the front and rear edges, and will reduce the energy-conversion efficiency.
The effects of ground state depletion of atoms on the characteristics of stimulated Raman scattering in metal vapors are studied by simultaniously solving the rate-equation of the atom energy levels related in the Raman scattering, and the equations describing the energy-conversion from the focused pump laser pulses to the Raman down-converted pulses. The ground state of metal atoms are depleted most strongly in the regions near the focal spots of the pump beams because of the higher intensities of light and smaller available medium volume in thosa regions. This will result in the unsymmetrical shapes of the Raman-shifted pulses for the front and rear edges, and will reduce the energy-conversion efficiency.