© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

Terms Privacy Legal Notice

Quantum Electronics

Amplifying properties of heavily erbium-doped active fibres

A Yu Plotskii, А.С. Курков, Mikhail Yu. Yashkov, Mikhail M. Bubnov, Mikhail E. Likhachev, Alex A. Sysolyatin, Aleksei N Gur'yanov, Evgenii M Dianov

Published Jun 30, 2005• 22 citations

Abstract

The relative concentration of erbium ions undergoing nonradiative relaxation from the metastable to the ground level is measured in aluminosilicate glass fibres doped with erbium ions at concentration between 3 × 10 18 and 10 20 cm -3 . The dependence of the fraction of such ions on the Er 3+ concentration is determined for fibres containing different amounts of aluminium oxide in a core. It is shown that the fraction of erbium ions not involved in amplification substantially decreases with increasing the Al 2 O 3 concentration. It is found that clustering leads to a considerable decrease in the gain in heavily Er 3+ -doped active fibres. The dependence of the quantum efficiency of a fibre amplifier on the erbium ion concentration is obtained based on the measurements performed. This dependence can be used for optimising the parameters of erbium-doped fibre amplifiers.

DOI: 10.1070/qe2005v035n06abeh006595

Related papers

Effects of concentration on the performance of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

Piotr Myslinski, Dan Trung Nguyen, Jacek Chrostowski

The dependence of erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) performance on the erbium ion concentration is studied experimentally and theoretically. The quantum efficiency of the amplifier is found to he strongly dependent on the erbium ion concentration, the signal wavelength, and the relative propagation direction of the pump and signal beams. This dependence is fully explained by the presence of an upconversion mechanism between ions residing in pairs or larger clusters and suggests that other sources of amplifier performance degradation (back-ground loss, excited state absorption, homogenous upconversion) are negligible. The experimental data show that in the present EDFA designs with over 80% quantum/conversion efficiency, the aluminum co-doped fibers with erbium ion concentration less than 20/spl times/10/sup 24/ m/sup -3/ (900 molar ppm Er/sup 3+/) are most suitable.

Journal of Lightwave Technology•Jan 1, 1997•221 citations

Effects of concentration and clusters in EDFAs

Piotr Myslinski, Dan Trung Nguyen, Jacek Chrostowski

Strong interest in heavily doped erbium-doped waveguides1 and in the applications of heavily doped erbium-doped fibers (EDFs) in lasers has resulted in several recent studies of collective processes in erbium ions. Rapid cross relaxation within a fraction of clustered ions, called pair-induced quenching (PIQ), has been identified as the main cause of EDF performance degradation.2-4 To date, studies on the dependence of EDF performance on ion concentration have been focused on pair/cluster-induced nonsaturable absorption of EDFs,2 which leads to the reduced quantum efficiency (QE) of EDF lasers.4 Recently, detailed theoretical analysis of the effect of PIQ on the performance of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) has also been reported.4

Optical Fiber Communication Conference•Jan 1, 1995•2 citations

Doping radius effects on an erbium-doped fiber amplifier

Md. Ziaul Amin, Khurram Karim Qureshi, Md. Mahbub Hossain

In an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), erbium ions act as a three-level system. Therefore, much higher pump energy is required to achieve the population inversion in an erbium-doped fiber (EDF). This higher pump energy requirement complicates the efficient design of an EDFA. However, efficient use of the pump power can improve the EDFA performance. The improved performance of an EDFA can be obtained by reducing the doping radius of the EDF. A smaller doping radius increases pump–dopant interactions and subsequently increases the pump–photon conversion efficiency. Decreasing the doping radius allows a larger proportion of dopant ions, which are concentrated near the core, to interact with the highest pump intensity. However, decreasing the doping radius beyond a certain limit will bring the dopant ions much closer and introduce detrimental ion–ion interaction effects. In this Letter, we show that an optimal doping radius in an EDF can provide the best gain performance. Moreover, we have simulated the well-known numerical aperture effects on EDFA gain performance to support our claim.

Chinese Optics Letters•Jan 1, 2019•31 citations

Role of excited-impurity quasiparticles for amplification of radiation in an erbium-doped glass fiber amplifier

Karl Friedrich Renk

In this paper, I will show that excited-impurity quasiparticles may play an essential role for the amplification of radiation in an erbium-doped glass fiber amplifier. A quasiparticle consists of an excited state of an erbium ion interacting with other erbium ions and with the thermal bath via phonon-assisted energy transfer processes. The quasiparticles populate energy levels of a quasiband. Fermi’s statistics determines the average occupation numbers of the levels. The quasiparticle model leads to an analytical expression for the gain coefficient of an erbium-doped glass fiber amplifier, or generally, of a fiber amplifier or fiber laser.

Applied Physics Letters•Mar 29, 2010•1 citation

"Analytical Model of Pulse Amplification in Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier "

Nour. A. Naser, Muhammed. R. Harb, Hassan Abid Yasser

"Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.

Muthanna Journal of Pure Science•Oct 14, 2020•0 citations

Evaluation of ^4I_15/2 and ^4I_13/2 Stark-level energies in erbium-doped aluminosilicate glass fibers

E. Desurvire, J. R. Simpson

Spectroscopic measurements of fluorescence and absorption in an erbium-doped fiber permit the evaluation of the Stark-level energies of the (4)I(15/2) and (4)I(13/2) manifolds in Er:glass. The data permit the allocation of the individual laser transitions associated with the room-temperature gain spectrum of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers operating near lambda = 1.53 microm.

Optics Letters•May 15, 1990•130 citations

The relative concentration of erbium ions undergoing nonradiative relaxation from the metastable to the ground level is measured in aluminosilicate glass fibres doped with erbium ions at concentration between 3 × 10 18 and 10 20 cm -3 . The dependence of the fraction of such ions on the Er 3+ concentration is determined for fibres containing different amounts of aluminium oxide in a core. It is shown that the fraction of erbium ions not involved in amplification substantially decreases with increasing the Al 2 O 3 concentration. It is found that clustering leads to a considerable decrease in the gain in heavily Er 3+ -doped active fibres. The dependence of the quantum efficiency of a fibre amplifier on the erbium ion concentration is obtained based on the measurements performed. This dependence can be used for optimising the parameters of erbium-doped fibre amplifiers.

The dependence of erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) performance on the erbium ion concentration is studied experimentally and theoretically. The quantum efficiency of the amplifier is found to he strongly dependent on the erbium ion concentration, the signal wavelength, and the relative propagation direction of the pump and signal beams. This dependence is fully explained by the presence of an upconversion mechanism between ions residing in pairs or larger clusters and suggests that other sources of amplifier performance degradation (back-ground loss, excited state absorption, homogenous upconversion) are negligible. The experimental data show that in the present EDFA designs with over 80% quantum/conversion efficiency, the aluminum co-doped fibers with erbium ion concentration less than 20/spl times/10/sup 24/ m/sup -3/ (900 molar ppm Er/sup 3+/) are most suitable.

Strong interest in heavily doped erbium-doped waveguides1 and in the applications of heavily doped erbium-doped fibers (EDFs) in lasers has resulted in several recent studies of collective processes in erbium ions. Rapid cross relaxation within a fraction of clustered ions, called pair-induced quenching (PIQ), has been identified as the main cause of EDF performance degradation.2-4 To date, studies on the dependence of EDF performance on ion concentration have been focused on pair/cluster-induced nonsaturable absorption of EDFs,2 which leads to the reduced quantum efficiency (QE) of EDF lasers.4 Recently, detailed theoretical analysis of the effect of PIQ on the performance of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) has also been reported.4

In an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), erbium ions act as a three-level system. Therefore, much higher pump energy is required to achieve the population inversion in an erbium-doped fiber (EDF). This higher pump energy requirement complicates the efficient design of an EDFA. However, efficient use of the pump power can improve the EDFA performance. The improved performance of an EDFA can be obtained by reducing the doping radius of the EDF. A smaller doping radius increases pump–dopant interactions and subsequently increases the pump–photon conversion efficiency. Decreasing the doping radius allows a larger proportion of dopant ions, which are concentrated near the core, to interact with the highest pump intensity. However, decreasing the doping radius beyond a certain limit will bring the dopant ions much closer and introduce detrimental ion–ion interaction effects. In this Letter, we show that an optimal doping radius in an EDF can provide the best gain performance. Moreover, we have simulated the well-known numerical aperture effects on EDFA gain performance to support our claim.

In this paper, I will show that excited-impurity quasiparticles may play an essential role for the amplification of radiation in an erbium-doped glass fiber amplifier. A quasiparticle consists of an excited state of an erbium ion interacting with other erbium ions and with the thermal bath via phonon-assisted energy transfer processes. The quasiparticles populate energy levels of a quasiband. Fermi’s statistics determines the average occupation numbers of the levels. The quasiparticle model leads to an analytical expression for the gain coefficient of an erbium-doped glass fiber amplifier, or generally, of a fiber amplifier or fiber laser.

"Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.