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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Optical Signal Inverter Derived from Negative Nonlinear Absorption Effects

Yoshinobu Maeda, Seiichi Ikeda Seiichi Ikeda, Masatoshi Migitaka

Published Jul 1, 1996• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Using a modulated laser diode, dependence of a negative nonlinear absorption effect on both the wavelength and the sample length was observed in an erbium doped yttrium aluminum garnet crystal which has a four-level energy structure. The effect was seen at wavelengths of 787.4 to 788.6 nm in excited state absorption spectra which showed a peak corresponding to the transition from 4 I 13/2 to 2 H 11/2 in Er3+ for sample lengths greater than 2.0 mm. An optical signal inverter which had a negative input-output characteristic was realized using the negative nonlinear absorption effect.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.35.l840

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Using a modulated laser diode, dependence of a negative nonlinear absorption effect on both the wavelength and the sample length was observed in an erbium doped yttrium aluminum garnet crystal which has a four-level energy structure. The effect was seen at wavelengths of 787.4 to 788.6 nm in excited state absorption spectra which showed a peak corresponding to the transition from 4 I 13/2 to 2 H 11/2 in Er3+ for sample lengths greater than 2.0 mm. An optical signal inverter which had a negative input-output characteristic was realized using the negative nonlinear absorption effect.
An all-optical inverter derived from the negative nonlinear absorption effect was demonstrated in erbium–yttrium aluminum garnet crystals using 1.53 μm laser diode. The effect was obtained at wavelengths of 1532 to 1534 nm in absorption spectra corresponding to the transition from the I15/24 to the I13/24 levels in Er3+ for sample lengths greater than 1.0 mm. The reversed-phase transmitted wave forms were observed at modulation frequencies from 1 kHz to 1 GHz. The negative nonlinear absorption effect can be explained by considering an enhanced absorption model for a four-level system of the Er3+ ion.
A negative input-output characteristic was obtained in an erbium doped yttrium aluminum garnet crystal which has multiple-level energy structure: absorption can occur between a ground level and an excited level (4I15/2-4I9/2) and between two other excited levels (4I13/2-2H11/2) in Er3+. It was caused at the wavelength between 786.6 and 788.4nm by the variation of incident laser intensity in the intensity range of 60 nW/cm2 to 100 W/cm2. It is considered that an enhanced absorption occurs due to the excited state absorption from 4I13/2 to 2H11/2. Because its spectra match the wavelength dependence of the incident laser. In addition, optical signal inverter phenomenon was observed using a laser diode modulated with 10 MHz. By considering multiple excited state absorption in detail, active functions such as an optical signal inverter could be derived from the negative nonlinear absorption effect.
A negative input-output characteristic was obtained in an erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet crystal which has multiple-level energy structure: absorption can occur between a ground level and an excited level (4I−4I) and between two other excited levels (4I−2H) in Er3+. It occurred at a wavelength between 786.6 and 788.4 nm by variation of the incident laser intensity in the intensity range of 60 nW/cm2 to 100 W/cm2. It is considered that an enhanced absorption occurs due to the excited-state absorption from 4I to 2H, its spectra matching the wavelength dependence of the incident laser In addition, optical signal inverter phenomenon was observed using a laser diode modulated at 10 MHz. By considering multiple excited-state absorption in detail, active functions such as an optical signal inverter could be derived from the negative nonlinear absorption effect. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 120(4): 74–80, 1997
A negative input-output characteristic was obtained in an erbium doped yttrium aluminum garnet crystal which has multiple-level energy structure: absorption can occur between a ground level and an excited level (4I15/2-4I9/2) and between two other excited levels (4I13/2-2H11/2) in Er3+. According as modulation degrees of the incident laser decreased, the transmitted laser waveform was distorted and eventually inverted against the incident one in case that the modulation degree was less than 0.5. It is suggested that an enhanced absorption phenomenon takes place since the excited state absorption from 4I13/2 to 2H11/2 and that a 4S3/2 level plays an important role. Because the time-dependence of this phenomenon matches a life time of the 4S3/2 level. By considering multiple excited state absorption in detail, active functions such as an optical signal inverter could be derived from the negative nonlinear absorption effect.