Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Gain-phase grating based on spatial modulation of active Raman gain in cold atoms

Shang-qi Kuang, Chunshui Jin, Chun Li

Published Sep 16, 2011• 77 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In order to obtain an atomic grating which can diffract light into the high-order directions more efficiently, a gain-phase grating (GPG) based on the spatial modulation of active Raman gain is theoretically presented. This grating is induced by a pump field and a standing wave in ultracold atoms, and it not only diffracts a weak probe field propagating along a direction normal to the standing wave into the high-order directions, but also amplifies the amplitude of the zero-order diffraction. In contrast with electromagnetically induced grating or electromagnetically induced phase grating, the GPG has larger diffraction efficiencies in the high-order directions. Hence it is more suitable to be utilized as an all-optical router in optical networking and communication.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.033831

Related papers

Two-dimensional gain cross-grating based on spatial modulation of active Raman gain

Li Wang, Fengxue Zhou, Hongju Guo +2 more

Based on the spatial modulation of active Raman gain, a two-dimensional gain cross-grating is theoretically proposed. As the probe field propagates along the z direction and passes through the intersectant region of the two orthogonal standing-wave fields in the x – y plane, it can be effectively diffracted into the high-order directions, and the zero-order diffraction intensity is amplified at the same time. In comparison with the two-dimensional electromagnetically induced cross-grating based on electromagnetically induced transparency, the two-dimensional gain cross-grating has much higher diffraction intensities in the first-order and the high-order directions. Hence, it is more suitable to be utilized as all-optical switching and routing in optical networking and communication.

Chinese Physics B•Nov 1, 2016•7 citations

One- and two-dimensional Raman-induced diffraction gratings in atomic media

Vasily G. Arkhipkin, S. A. Myslivets

We propose and analyze an efficient scheme for the one- and two-dimensional atomic gratings based on periodic spatial modulation of the Raman gain and dispersion, which we name the Raman-induced diffraction gratings (RIDGs). There are fundamentally different from those based on electromagnetically induced transparency. As the probe field propagates along the direction normal to the standing pump wave, it can be effectively diffracted into high-order directions. The grating is a hybrid grating, i.e. it represents a mixture of amplitude and phase gratings. We identify the conditions when all high-order diffractions are amplified. In addition, we also show that diffraction of a probe field could be dynamically controlled using an additional laser field. With its help, it is possible to suppress or amplify diffraction beams. The RIDGs can be considered as all-optical multibeam splitters with amplification.

Physical Review A•Jul 24, 2018•34 citations

Two-dimensional electromagnetically induced grating via gain and phase modulation in a two-level system

Guangling Cheng, Cong Lu, Ai-Xi Chen

Abstract A scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating via spatial gain and phase modulation is presented in a two-level atomic system. Based on the interactions of two orthogonal standing-wave fields, the atom could diffract the weak probe beam into high-order directions and a 2D diffraction grating is generated. It is shown that the diffraction efficiency of the grating can be efficiently manipulated by controlling the Rabi frequencies of control fields, the detunings of the control and probe fields, and interaction length. Different from 2D cross-grating via electromagnetically induced transparency in a four-level atomic system, the present scheme results from the spatial modulation of gain and phase in a simple two-level system, which could lead to 2D gain-phase grating with larger diffraction intensities in the diffraction directions. The studies we present may have potential applications in developing photon devices for optical-switching, optical imaging and quantum information processing.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Mar 29, 2016•23 citations

Two-dimensional electromagnetically induced grating in coherent atomic medium

Yu-Yuan Chen, Zhuanzhuan Liu, Ren-Gang Wan

We propose a scheme for effectively creating a type of all optical device called electromagnetically induced two-dimensional grating by utilizing a four-level coherent atomic medium, which is coherently driven by two orthogonal standing-wave fields. With a far-off resonant trigger field, a spatially modulated cross-phase modulation takes place accompanied by vanishing absorption. The resulting phase grating can diffract the probe beam into high-order directions. When a resonant trigger field is applied on the atoms, the probe obtains gain without inversion due to the atomic coherence effect. And then a gain-phase grating is formed. The diffraction efficiency can be significantly improved compared with that of phase grating. The results show that the diffraction efficiencies attainable by the gratings strongly depend on the interaction length, coherent field intensity, probe field detuning and coherent field detuning. Therefore, the proposed gratings can be used as two-dimensional multi-channel beam splitter which have potential application in optical networking and communication.

Europhysics Letters (EPL)•Dec 1, 2016•21 citations

Coherently induced grating in refractive index enhanced medium

Zhuan-Zhuan Liu, Yu-Yuan Chen, Jia-Yu Yuan +1 more

We demonstrate a scheme for coherently induced grating based on a mixture of two three-level atomic species interacting with two standing-wave fields. As a result of interaction between the absorptive and amplified Raman resonances, the refractive index of the medium can be enhanced and modulated periodically. Then a sinusoidal grating, which can diffract the probe field into high-order directions, is coherently formed in the medium. The proposed scheme is theoretically investigated in a mixture of atomic isotopes of rubidium. The results show that the diffraction efficiency depends strongly on the two two-photon detunings of the two Raman transitions and the intensities of the two driving standing-wave fields. The proposed electromagnetically induced grating scheme may be applied to the all-optical switching and beam splitting in optical networking and communication.

Chinese Physics B•Dec 1, 2017•5 citations

Effect of composite vortex beam on a two-dimensional gain assisted atomic grating

Abdul Wahab, Muqaddar Abbas, Barry C. Sanders

Abstract We propose an atomic grating based on an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon that switches between zeroth-order diffraction to a distinct higher-order diffraction pattern by driving a planar gaseous medium of a four-level tripod ( ⋔ ) atoms with three laser beams: modulation of standing wave control beam propagating nearly perpendicular to the planar medium, while vortex and weak plane probe beams directed perpendicular to the medium. We numerically investigate the behavior of the amplitude, phase modulations, and probe field diffraction intensities of different orders by the variation of the field detunings and orbital angular momentum number of the composite vortex light beam. Specifically, in the off-resonant case, the interplay between a square lattice of the control and an additional spatial variation of the vortex beam allows the emergence of higher diffraction orders and variable gain due to double transparency windows in this complex optical system. We believe that our proposed scheme might be useful in optical memory devices via the storage of information to diffraction orders of the atomic grating.

New Journal of Physics•Apr 12, 2023•9 citations
In order to obtain an atomic grating which can diffract light into the high-order directions more efficiently, a gain-phase grating (GPG) based on the spatial modulation of active Raman gain is theoretically presented. This grating is induced by a pump field and a standing wave in ultracold atoms, and it not only diffracts a weak probe field propagating along a direction normal to the standing wave into the high-order directions, but also amplifies the amplitude of the zero-order diffraction. In contrast with electromagnetically induced grating or electromagnetically induced phase grating, the GPG has larger diffraction efficiencies in the high-order directions. Hence it is more suitable to be utilized as an all-optical router in optical networking and communication.
Based on the spatial modulation of active Raman gain, a two-dimensional gain cross-grating is theoretically proposed. As the probe field propagates along the z direction and passes through the intersectant region of the two orthogonal standing-wave fields in the x – y plane, it can be effectively diffracted into the high-order directions, and the zero-order diffraction intensity is amplified at the same time. In comparison with the two-dimensional electromagnetically induced cross-grating based on electromagnetically induced transparency, the two-dimensional gain cross-grating has much higher diffraction intensities in the first-order and the high-order directions. Hence, it is more suitable to be utilized as all-optical switching and routing in optical networking and communication.
We propose and analyze an efficient scheme for the one- and two-dimensional atomic gratings based on periodic spatial modulation of the Raman gain and dispersion, which we name the Raman-induced diffraction gratings (RIDGs). There are fundamentally different from those based on electromagnetically induced transparency. As the probe field propagates along the direction normal to the standing pump wave, it can be effectively diffracted into high-order directions. The grating is a hybrid grating, i.e. it represents a mixture of amplitude and phase gratings. We identify the conditions when all high-order diffractions are amplified. In addition, we also show that diffraction of a probe field could be dynamically controlled using an additional laser field. With its help, it is possible to suppress or amplify diffraction beams. The RIDGs can be considered as all-optical multibeam splitters with amplification.
Abstract A scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating via spatial gain and phase modulation is presented in a two-level atomic system. Based on the interactions of two orthogonal standing-wave fields, the atom could diffract the weak probe beam into high-order directions and a 2D diffraction grating is generated. It is shown that the diffraction efficiency of the grating can be efficiently manipulated by controlling the Rabi frequencies of control fields, the detunings of the control and probe fields, and interaction length. Different from 2D cross-grating via electromagnetically induced transparency in a four-level atomic system, the present scheme results from the spatial modulation of gain and phase in a simple two-level system, which could lead to 2D gain-phase grating with larger diffraction intensities in the diffraction directions. The studies we present may have potential applications in developing photon devices for optical-switching, optical imaging and quantum information processing.
We propose a scheme for effectively creating a type of all optical device called electromagnetically induced two-dimensional grating by utilizing a four-level coherent atomic medium, which is coherently driven by two orthogonal standing-wave fields. With a far-off resonant trigger field, a spatially modulated cross-phase modulation takes place accompanied by vanishing absorption. The resulting phase grating can diffract the probe beam into high-order directions. When a resonant trigger field is applied on the atoms, the probe obtains gain without inversion due to the atomic coherence effect. And then a gain-phase grating is formed. The diffraction efficiency can be significantly improved compared with that of phase grating. The results show that the diffraction efficiencies attainable by the gratings strongly depend on the interaction length, coherent field intensity, probe field detuning and coherent field detuning. Therefore, the proposed gratings can be used as two-dimensional multi-channel beam splitter which have potential application in optical networking and communication.
We demonstrate a scheme for coherently induced grating based on a mixture of two three-level atomic species interacting with two standing-wave fields. As a result of interaction between the absorptive and amplified Raman resonances, the refractive index of the medium can be enhanced and modulated periodically. Then a sinusoidal grating, which can diffract the probe field into high-order directions, is coherently formed in the medium. The proposed scheme is theoretically investigated in a mixture of atomic isotopes of rubidium. The results show that the diffraction efficiency depends strongly on the two two-photon detunings of the two Raman transitions and the intensities of the two driving standing-wave fields. The proposed electromagnetically induced grating scheme may be applied to the all-optical switching and beam splitting in optical networking and communication.
Abstract We propose an atomic grating based on an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon that switches between zeroth-order diffraction to a distinct higher-order diffraction pattern by driving a planar gaseous medium of a four-level tripod ( ⋔ ) atoms with three laser beams: modulation of standing wave control beam propagating nearly perpendicular to the planar medium, while vortex and weak plane probe beams directed perpendicular to the medium. We numerically investigate the behavior of the amplitude, phase modulations, and probe field diffraction intensities of different orders by the variation of the field detunings and orbital angular momentum number of the composite vortex light beam. Specifically, in the off-resonant case, the interplay between a square lattice of the control and an additional spatial variation of the vortex beam allows the emergence of higher diffraction orders and variable gain due to double transparency windows in this complex optical system. We believe that our proposed scheme might be useful in optical memory devices via the storage of information to diffraction orders of the atomic grating.