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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Measured lifetimes in cadmium using the electron-phonon delayed coincidence technique

D Cvejanović, A Adams, GEORGE C. KING

Published Jul 11, 1976• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The electron-photon delayed coincidence technique has been extended to the measurement of the lifetimes of excited states of metals which require an oven to produce an atomic beam of sufficient intensity. Cadmium has been studied and the determination of the lifetimes of three neutral states is reported. These states, together with their measured lifetimes, are as follows: 6 1 S (29.0+or-0.5) ns, 7 1 S (60.8+or-2.6) ns and 5 1 D (22.28+or-0.33) ns.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/9/10/011

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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics•Jun 1, 1976•14 citations
The electron-photon delayed coincidence technique has been extended to the measurement of the lifetimes of excited states of metals which require an oven to produce an atomic beam of sufficient intensity. Cadmium has been studied and the determination of the lifetimes of three neutral states is reported. These states, together with their measured lifetimes, are as follows: 6 1 S (29.0+or-0.5) ns, 7 1 S (60.8+or-2.6) ns and 5 1 D (22.28+or-0.33) ns.
The electron-photon delayed coincidence technique has been used to measure precisely the lifetime for the 4p 1 P 0 state in calcium. The lifetime of this state was obtained by measuring the time correlation spectrum between the inelastically scattered electrons and the corresponding de-excitation photons. By using the least-squares fitting program to fit Gale's equation to the data points, a value of (4.15±0.17) ns was obtained. The result was compared to some of the earlier experimental measurements.
A delayed-coincidence technique has been used to measure the lifetime of the 5d6p1F35d6p^{1}F_{3}5d6p1F3​ state of atomic barium. An intermediate, 6s5d1D26s5d^{1}D_{2}6s5d1D2​ metastable state of barium atoms in an atomic beam was populated by electron bombardment, and a pulsed cw laser was employed to excite atoms from the metastable state to the 5d6p1F35d6p^{1}F_{3}5d6p1F3​ state. A time-to-amplitude convertor was used to measure the time distribution of the fluorescent light. The value obtained for the lifetime was (44.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.8) nsec.
We have developed an interesting and widely applicable technique for measuring lifetimes of low-lying levels of neutral atoms and their first few ionization states. The cascade-photon-coincidence method has been extended by using a light source consisting of excited atoms sputtered from a solid by 10-keV argon ions. We have measured the lifetimes of the 4p2{4\mathrm{p}}^{2}4p2P3/2o{\mathrm{P}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}^{\mathrm{o}}P3/2o​ state of Ca II, the 6p2{6\mathrm{p}}^{2}6p2P3/2o{\mathrm{P}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}^{\mathrm{o}}P3/2o​ state of Ba II, and the 4p2{4\mathrm{p}}^{2}4p2P3/2o{\mathrm{P}}_{3\mathrm{/}2}^{\mathrm{o}}P3/2o​ state of Al III. These measurements are in good agreement with earlier work.
The photon-photon delayed coincidence technique is used to measure the lifetime; the value (6.21+or-0.10) ns is found. The measurements are obtained under conditions where pressure-dependent effects, as well as other known systematic errors, are negligible. A procedure for data analysis which has not previously been used with the present technique is employed. In this procedure, the apparatus response function is obtained directly and the measured time spectrum is deconvoluted using this response function to yield the lifetime.