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Outage secrecy rate in wireless relay channels using cooperative jamming

Jiangyuan Li, Shuangyu Luo, Athina P. Petropulu

Published Dec 1, 2012• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A wireless relay channel is considered, consisting of a multi-antenna source, a single-antenna destination, a single-antenna eavesdropper and a set of multi-antenna relays (helpers) that act as jammers to the eavesdropper. Each helper knows only its own link to the receiver and independently transmits jamming noise, lying in the null space of its own link to the destination, thus causes no interference to the destination. The source, knowing the main channel explicitly and having statistical information on the eavesdropper channel, designs the input covariance matrix so that the secrecy rate is maximized subject to an outage probability constraint and a sum power constraint. We show that the optimal input covariance matrix has rank one. Assuming that the eavesdropper channels follow a zero-mean Gaussian distribution with known covariance, the outage probability and outage secrecy rate are derived in closed form. Simulation results in support of the analysis are provided.

DOI
10.1109/glocom.2012.6503482

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A wireless relay channel is considered, consisting of a multi-antenna source, a single-antenna destination, a single-antenna eavesdropper and a set of multi-antenna relays (helpers) that act as jammers to the eavesdropper. Each helper knows only its own link to the receiver and independently transmits jamming noise, lying in the null space of its own link to the destination, thus causes no interference to the destination. The source, knowing the main channel explicitly and having statistical information on the eavesdropper channel, designs the input covariance matrix so that the secrecy rate is maximized subject to an outage probability constraint and a sum power constraint. We show that the optimal input covariance matrix has rank one. Assuming that the eavesdropper channels follow a zero-mean Gaussian distribution with known covariance, the outage probability and outage secrecy rate are derived in closed form. Simulation results in support of the analysis are provided.
We consider a Gaussian MISO wiretap channel, where a multi-antenna source communicates with a single-antenna destination in the presence of a single-antenna eavesdropper. The communication is assisted by multi-antenna helpers that act as jammers to the eavesdropper. Each helper independently transmits noise, which lies in the null space of the helper-destination channel, thus creating no interference to the destination. Under source-eavesdropper channel uncertainty, we derive the optimal source covariance matrix that maximizes the secrecy rate subject to probability of outage and power constraints. Further, for the case in which the helper-eavesdropper channels follow a zero-mean Gaussian model with known covariances, we derive the outage probability in a closed form. Simulation results in support of the analysis are provided.
Cooperative jamming is an approach that has been recently proposed for improving physical layer based security for wireless networks in the presence of an eavesdropper. While the source transmits its message to its destination, a relay node transmits a jamming signal to create interference at the eavesdropper. In this paper, a scenario in which the relay is equipped with multiple antennas is considered. A novel system design is proposed for determining the antenna weights and transmit power of source and relay, so that the system secrecy rate is maximized subject to a total transmit power constraint, or, the transmit power is minimized subject to a secrecy rate constraint. Since the optimal solutions to these problems are difficult to obtain, suboptimal closed-form solutions are proposed that introduce an additional constraint, i.e., the complete nulling of jamming signal at the destination.
1A wireless communication network is considered, consisting of a source, a destination and an eavesdropper, each equipped with a single antenna. The communication is assisted by multiple multi-antenna helpers, which independently transmit jamming noise to confound the eavesdropper. The optimal structure of the jamming noise that maximizes the secrecy rate is derived. A suboptimal solution that results in nulling at the legitimate receiver is also considered. Unlike the optimal solution, which requires global channel information, the suboptimal solution requires local channel information only, i.e., each helper needs to know only its own channel to the destination. Although the nulling solution results in lower secrecy rate as compared to the optimal solution, simulations show that the difference is rather small, with the inexpensive and easy to implement nulling scheme performing near optimal.
We consider a Gaussian wiretap channel model with a single-antenna source, destination and eavesdropper. The communication is assisted by multiple multiantenna helpers that transmit noise to confound the eavesdropper. First, we consider a nulling scheme, in which each helper independently transmits noise, designed to maximize the system secrecy rate while creating no interference to the destination. In this scheme, each helper requires only local relay-destination channel state information (CSI). When global CSI is available at the relays, the nulling scheme is not optimal. The optimal jamming noise structure is also provided under global CSI. Interestingly, it is shown both analytically and via simulations that, despite its reduced CSI requirements, the nulling scheme may have secrecy rate performance that is very close to the optimal one. The probability of outage of the nulling scheme is provided in closed form based on the statistics of the eavesdropper CSI.
To reduce the secrecy loss due to the correlation between main and wiretap channels, this paper introduces a cooperative jamming relay to degrade the reception at the eavesdropper. We consider slow-fading multiple-input-single-output wiretap channels with a passive single-antenna eavesdropper, where full information for the channels to the legitimate receiver and statistical information for the channels to the eavesdropper is available. By deploying the cooperative jamming relay reasonably, the correlation between the channels from the introduced relay to the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper can be much below than that between the main and wiretap channels. Thus, the relay can interfere with the eavesdropper more effectively than the traditional scheme of artificial noise-aided beamforming at the transmitter. The simulation results demonstrate that the secrecy outage probability under the transmit power and target secrecy rate constraints is reduced substantially.
This paper studies secrecy rate optimization in a wireless network with a single-antenna source, a multi-antenna destination and a multi-antenna eavesdropper. This is an unfavorable scenario for secrecy performance as the system is interference-limited. In the literature, assuming that the receiver operates in half duplex (HD) mode, the aforementioned problem has been addressed via use of cooperating nodes who act as jammers to confound the eavesdropper. This paper investigates an alternative solution, which assumes the availability of a full duplex (FD) receiver. In particular, while receiving data, the receiver transmits jamming noise to degrade the eavesdropper channel. The proposed self-protection scheme eliminates the need for external helpers and provides system robustness. For the case in which global channel state information is available, we aim to design the optimal jamming covariance matrix that maximizes the secrecy rate and mitigates loop interference associated with the FD operation. We consider both fixed and optimal linear receiver design at the destination, and show that the optimal jamming covariance matrix is rank-1, and can be found via an efficient 1-D search. For the case in which only statistical information on the eavesdropper channel is available, the optimal power allocation is studied in terms of ergodic and outage secrecy rates. Simulation results verify the analysis and demonstrate substantial performance gain over conventional HD operation at the destination.