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Physical Review A

Collision-induced constructive quantum interference

Xihua Yang, Hankun Xie

Published Jun 17, 2003• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically study the collision-induced constructive quantum interference in an open four-level system with the density-matrix approach based on the experimental observation of constructive quantum interference between two transition pathways ${3P}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}5S$ (or $4D)$ and ${3P}_{3/2}\ensuremath{-}5S$ (or $4D)$ via equal-frequency hybrid excitation in the ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Na}$ system. The effects of the collision-induced coherent and incoherent decay rates and the ratio of the two transition dipole moments on the interference are analyzed. It is shown that through the incoherent process (collision), the coherence between a widely separated doublet and subsequent constructive quantum interference can be realized. The physical origin of the constructive interference can be seen clearly in the dressed-atom picture. The theoretical results can also be used to qualitatively explain the dependence of quantum interference on the experimental buffer gas pressure and sample temperature.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.67.063807

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We have studied theoretically constructive interference via collision-aided radiative excitation in an open four-level system using a density matrix approach. The four-level system consists of a Λ-type three-level quantum-beat configuration driven by one laser field and a fourth level coupled by a vacuum mode. It is shown that through the incoherent process (collision), coherence between widely-separated doublets and subsequent constructive interference can be realized. We analyse the effects of the collision-induced coherent and incoherent decay rates, laser intensity and energy separation of the doublets on the interference. Meanwhile, the constructive interference between the two transition pathways 3P 1/2 -4D and 3P 3/2 -4D via equal-frequency hybrid excitation and collision-aided radiative excitation in an Na 2 -Na system is experimentally observed. A good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is obtained.
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We report on an experimental observation of constructive quantum interference between two atomic transition pathways 3P 1/2 -5S (or 4D) and 3P 3/2 -5S (or 4D) via equal-frequency hybrid excitation and collision-aided radiative excitation in an Na 2 -Na system. Through the special excitation processes, constructive quantum interference is realized for a Λ-type quantum-beat configuration with a widely-spaced doublet (about 17 cm -1 ) in the excited sodium atom driven by one laser. The dependences of quantum interference on the argon buffer gas pressure and sample temperature are also examined.
We conduct theoretical studies on the collision-induced destructive quantum interference of two-colour two-photon transitions in an open rhomb-type five-level system with a widely separated doublet by the density matrix approach. The effects of the collision-induced decay rates, the ratio of the transition dipole moments and the energy separation of the doublet on the interference are analysed. It is shown that a narrow dip appears in the excitation spectrum due to the collision-induced destructive interference, and that the narrow interference dip still exists even when the collision broadening is comparable to the energy separation of the doublet. The physical origin of the collision-induced destructive quantum interference is analysed in the dressed-atom picture.
We conduct theoretical studies on electromagnetically induced absorption via incoherent collisions in an inhomogeneously broadened ladder-type three-level system with the density-matrix approach. The effects of the collision-induced coherence decay rates as well as the probe laser field intensity on the probe field absorption are examined. It is shown that with the increase of the collisional decay rates in a moderate range, a narrow dip due to electromagnetically induced transparency superimposed on the Doppler-broadened absorption background can be turned into a narrow peak under the conditions that the probe field intensity is not very weak as compared to the pump field, which results from the enhancement of constructive interference and suppression of destructive interference between one-photon and multiphoton transition pathways. The physical origin of the collision-assisted electromagnetically induced absorption is analyzed with a power-series solution of the density-matrix equations.
An experimental observation of the competition between quantum interference and stimulated electronic Raman scattering (SERS) via equal frequency hybrid excitation and collision aided radiative excitation in a Na 2 Na system is reported for the first time. It is found that the SERS for 3P 1/2,3/2 4P are suppressed and the optically pumped stimulated emission (OPSE) for 5S 4P are enhanced dramatically at a particular excitation wavelength where constructive quantum interference between two transitions 3P 1/2 5S and 3P 3/2 5S in atomic sodium takes place. A theoretical analysis based on the dressed atom approach is carried out to explain the experimental results.