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Physical Review A

Observation of temporal quantum interference via two collision-assisted two-step excitations

Xihua Yang, Zhenrong Sun, Zugeng Wang

Published Oct 16, 2007• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the experimental observation of temporal quantum interference between two time-delayed 3S-3P-5S (or 4D) transition pathways created through two collision-assisted two-step excitation processes by using a single nanosecond laser pulse in the ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Na}$ system. It is clearly shown that the collisions offer a promising alternative to realize quantum interference in the time domain at room or higher temperatures despite the dephasing nature.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.76.043417

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We report the experimental observation of temporal quantum interference between two time-delayed 3S-3P-5S (or 4D) transition pathways created through two collision-assisted two-step excitation processes by using a single nanosecond laser pulse in the Na2\ensuremath-Na{\mathrm{Na}}_{2}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Na}Na2​\ensuremath-Na system. It is clearly shown that the collisions offer a promising alternative to realize quantum interference in the time domain at room or higher temperatures despite the dephasing nature.
We report on an experimental observation of constructive quantum interference between two atomic transition pathways 3P 1/2 -5S (or 4D) and 3P 3/2 -5S (or 4D) via equal-frequency hybrid excitation and collision-aided radiative excitation in an Na 2 -Na system. Through the special excitation processes, constructive quantum interference is realized for a Λ-type quantum-beat configuration with a widely-spaced doublet (about 17 cm -1 ) in the excited sodium atom driven by one laser. The dependences of quantum interference on the argon buffer gas pressure and sample temperature are also examined.
An experimental observation of the competition between quantum interference and stimulated electronic Raman scattering (SERS) via equal frequency hybrid excitation and collision aided radiative excitation in a Na 2 Na system is reported for the first time. It is found that the SERS for 3P 1/2,3/2 4P are suppressed and the optically pumped stimulated emission (OPSE) for 5S 4P are enhanced dramatically at a particular excitation wavelength where constructive quantum interference between two transitions 3P 1/2 5S and 3P 3/2 5S in atomic sodium takes place. A theoretical analysis based on the dressed atom approach is carried out to explain the experimental results.
We theoretically study the collision-induced constructive quantum interference in an open four-level system with the density-matrix approach based on the experimental observation of constructive quantum interference between two transition pathways ${3P}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}5S$ (or 4D)4D)4D) and ${3P}_{3/2}\ensuremath{-}5S$ (or 4D)4D)4D) via equal-frequency hybrid excitation in the ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Na}$ system. The effects of the collision-induced coherent and incoherent decay rates and the ratio of the two transition dipole moments on the interference are analyzed. It is shown that through the incoherent process (collision), the coherence between a widely separated doublet and subsequent constructive quantum interference can be realized. The physical origin of the constructive interference can be seen clearly in the dressed-atom picture. The theoretical results can also be used to qualitatively explain the dependence of quantum interference on the experimental buffer gas pressure and sample temperature.
We have studied theoretically constructive interference via collision-aided radiative excitation in an open four-level system using a density matrix approach. The four-level system consists of a Λ-type three-level quantum-beat configuration driven by one laser field and a fourth level coupled by a vacuum mode. It is shown that through the incoherent process (collision), coherence between widely-separated doublets and subsequent constructive interference can be realized. We analyse the effects of the collision-induced coherent and incoherent decay rates, laser intensity and energy separation of the doublets on the interference. Meanwhile, the constructive interference between the two transition pathways 3P 1/2 -4D and 3P 3/2 -4D via equal-frequency hybrid excitation and collision-aided radiative excitation in an Na 2 -Na system is experimentally observed. A good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is obtained.
We have studied theoretically constructive interference via collision-aided radiative excitation in an open fourlevel system using a density matrix approach.The four-leval system consists of a Λ-type three-level quantum-beat configuration driven by one laser field and a fourthe level coupled by a vacuum mode.It is shown that through the incoherent process (collision),coherence between widely-separated doublets and subsequent constructive interference can be realized.We analyse the effects of the collision-induced coherent and incoherent decay rates,laser intensity,and energy separation of the doublets on the interference.Meanwhile,the constructive interference between the two transition pathways 3P1/2-4D and 3P3/2-4D via equal-frequency hybrid excitation and collision-aided radiative excitation in an Na2-Na system is experimentally observed.A good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is obtained.
We report a two-photon interference effect, in which the entangled photon pairs are generated from two laser pulses well separated in time. In a single pump pulse case, interference effects did not occur in our experimental scheme. However, by introducing a second pump pulse delayed in time, quantum interference was then observed. The visibility of the interference fringes shows a dependence on the delay time between two laser pulses. The results are explained in terms of indistinguishability of biphoton amplitudes that originates from two temporally separated laser pulses.