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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Schemes for the generation of multipartite entanglement of remote atoms trapped in separate optical cavities

Hong‐Fu Wang, Xiao‐Qiang Shao, Yongfang Zhao, Shou Zhang, Kyu-Hwang Yeon

Published Aug 20, 2009• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on the interference effect of polarized photons leaking out of separate cavities, we propose schemes for the generation of the N -atom Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state, three-atom W state and a genuine four-atom entangled state |χ⟩. In these schemes, each of the atoms is trapped separately in a remote optical cavity, and the possible spontaneous channels induced by the excited atoms lead to the coherent superposition of the states of the atoms. The desired multipartite entangled states can be generated with a certain success probability by the subsequent detection of the polarized photons in different modes. The schemes would be useful steps towards long-distance quantum communication, distributed quantum computation and constructing remote quantum information processing networks.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/42/17/175506

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A robust and scalable scheme for generating atom–photon and atom–atom entangled W states is proposed by using the interference effect of the polarized photons leaking out of the spatially separated cavities. Each of the atoms is trapped separately in a remote optical cavity, and the possible spontaneous channels induced by the excited atoms lead to the coherent superposition between atoms and photon, which is an important step toward long-distance and long-range quantum networking with individual atoms. The scalability is ensured in the sense that an arbitrarily large multiqubit atom–photon and atom–atom entangled W state can be generated with certain success probabilities.
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We propose a unified scheme to generate WWW states, Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states, and cluster states of four distant atoms, which are trapped separately in leaky cavities. The proposed schemes require linear optical elements and photon detectors with single-photon sensitivity. The quantum noise influences the fidelity of the generated states. Further, based on the four-photon coincidence detection, we propose another scheme to generate the WWW states and GHZ states of four distant atoms. The scheme is insensitive to the quantum noise, but cannot be used to generate the cluster states.
We propose a scheme to generate the entangled state of two Lambda-type three-level atoms trapped in distant cavities by using interference of polarized photons. Two possible spontaneous emission channels of each excited atom result in a coherent superposition of the states of two atoms. The subsequent detection of the different polarized photons reveals that both atoms are in different ground states, but an interference effect prevents us from distinguishing which atom is in which ground state; the atoms are thus entangled. In comparison with the original proposal of interference-induced entanglement [C. Cabrillo, J. Cirac, P. Garcia-Fernandez, and P. Zoller, Phys. Rev. A 59, 1025 (1999)]], in our scheme the weakly driven condition is not required, and the influence of atomic excitement and atomic recoil on the entanglement fidelity can be eliminated.
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