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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Robust and scalable scheme to generate multipartite atom–photon and atom–atom entangled W states by interference

Hong‐Fu Wang, Shou Zhang, X. X. Yi, Xin Ji, Kyu-Hwang Yeon

Published Jan 27, 2012• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A robust and scalable scheme for generating atom–photon and atom–atom entangled W states is proposed by using the interference effect of the polarized photons leaking out of the spatially separated cavities. Each of the atoms is trapped separately in a remote optical cavity, and the possible spontaneous channels induced by the excited atoms lead to the coherent superposition between atoms and photon, which is an important step toward long-distance and long-range quantum networking with individual atoms. The scalability is ensured in the sense that an arbitrarily large multiqubit atom–photon and atom–atom entangled W state can be generated with certain success probabilities.

DOI
10.1364/josab.29.000257

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A robust and scalable scheme for generating atom–photon and atom–atom entangled W states is proposed by using the interference effect of the polarized photons leaking out of the spatially separated cavities. Each of the atoms is trapped separately in a remote optical cavity, and the possible spontaneous channels induced by the excited atoms lead to the coherent superposition between atoms and photon, which is an important step toward long-distance and long-range quantum networking with individual atoms. The scalability is ensured in the sense that an arbitrarily large multiqubit atom–photon and atom–atom entangled W state can be generated with certain success probabilities.
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We propose a scheme to generate the entangled state of two Lambda-type three-level atoms trapped in distant cavities by using interference of polarized photons. Two possible spontaneous emission channels of each excited atom result in a coherent superposition of the states of two atoms. The subsequent detection of the different polarized photons reveals that both atoms are in different ground states, but an interference effect prevents us from distinguishing which atom is in which ground state; the atoms are thus entangled. In comparison with the original proposal of interference-induced entanglement [C. Cabrillo, J. Cirac, P. Garcia-Fernandez, and P. Zoller, Phys. Rev. A 59, 1025 (1999)]], in our scheme the weakly driven condition is not required, and the influence of atomic excitement and atomic recoil on the entanglement fidelity can be eliminated.
Based on the interference effect of polarized photons, we propose a practical scheme for entanglement concentration of unknown atomic entangled states. In the scheme, two λλ-type atoms belonging to different entangled pairs are individually trapped in two spatially separated cavities. By the subsequent detection of the polarized photons leaking out of the separate optical cavities, Alice and Bob as two distant parties can probabilistically extract one maximally entangled four-atom Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state from two identical partially entangled Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs. We also discuss the influence of cavity decay on the success probability of the scheme. The scheme is feasible and within the reach of current experimental technology.
A scheme to generate the entanglement between two distant atoms by the interference of polarized photons is proposed. The model consists of two identical /spl Lambda/-type three-level atoms trapped in two distant optical cavities respectively. Each atom has a excited state |e> and two degenerate ground states |g/sub L/> and |g/sub R/>. The scheme is based on the interference effect where the coherent superposition of atomic states is generated in photon emission process. The scheme gives several advantages: (i) both atoms are excited simultaneously; (ii) the driving condition does not influence the fidelity of the final entangled states; and (iii) the influence of atomic recoil on the entanglement fidelity could be eliminated.
This paper presents a scheme for generating three-particle W state of remote atoms trapped in leaky cavities. The scheme uses cavity decay to inject photons into a setup of optical devices which consist of a series of beam splitters and photon detectors. Photon detection on the output mode projects the atomic state into the W state. In the condition of "weakly driven approach", it shows that the scheme is robust and has high fidelity. It also points out that the scheme is scalable to generate multi-atomic W state.