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Chinese Physics Letters

Multi-particle Entanglement Generation Using Quantum-Dot Spin and Optical Microcavity System

Chuanlin Zhang, Chuan Xi Wang, Cong Cao, Ru Zhang

Published Jul 1, 2012• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an efficient multi-particle entanglement generation protocol using a quantum dot and optical microcavity coupled system. Multi-electron spins may become entangled by the interaction between the electrons and the single photons. The entanglement success probability relies on the coupling strength and the cavity leakage, which is also discussed.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/29/7/070305

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We propose an efficient multi-particle entanglement generation protocol using a quantum dot and optical microcavity coupled system. Multi-electron spins may become entangled by the interaction between the electrons and the single photons. The entanglement success probability relies on the coupling strength and the cavity leakage, which is also discussed.
We investigate an efficient quantum repeater protocol based on quantum dots (QDs) and optical microcavity coupled systems. The proposed system can be used for long-distance quantum entanglement distribution, exploiting the interaction between single photons and QDs embedded in optical microcavities. We present the entanglement generation and entanglement swapping modules with QDs in microcavity systems and generalize it to quantum repeaters. The utilization of QDs and coupled cavities leads to a high success probability for the generation of entanglement. By using current and near future technology, entanglement with a high fidelity can be achieved and robust quantum communication over long-distance channels is feasible.
We present an entanglement purification protocol and an entanglement concentration protocol for electron-spin entangled states, resorting to quantum-dot spin and optical-microcavity-coupled systems. The parity-check gates (PCGs) constructed by the cavity-spin-coupling system provide a different method for the entanglement purification of electron-spin entangled states. This protocol can efficiently purify an electron ensemble in a mixed entangled state. The PCGs can also concentrate electron-spin pairs in less-entangled pure states efficiently. The proposed methods are more flexible as only single-photon detection and single-electron detection are needed.
We present an efficient entanglement concentration protocol (ECP) for electron spins based on quantum-dot and microcavity coupled systems. In our ECP, each two-electron spin system in a partially entangled state can be concentrated with the assistance of an ancillary quantum dot and a single photon, not two copies of two-electron spin systems. With current and near-future technology, the locally maximal entanglement of electron spins can be achieved, and our ECP can be used in long-distance quantum communications.
Counterfactual quantum communication allows distant users to share a message without any physical particles traveling through the quantum channel. Here, we present a counterfactual scheme to realize multiparty entanglement distribution. We first realize bipartite counterfactual entanglement distribution to create photon–electron entanglement by using interaction-free measurements and quantum dots. Then the atom–cavity systems are used to create many photon–photon entanglement pairs, which can connect photon–electron pairs with the help of an entanglement beam splitter. Consequently, the electron spins in distant optical microcavities are entangled by the coherent exchange of single flying photons. We also discuss the implementation issues to show that the presented scheme can be realized successfully in experiment. The numerical analysis about the efficiency of multiparty entanglement distribution indicates that there is a trade-off between the entanglement fidelity and the number of users.
A recent paper [Chuan Wang, Phys. Rev. A \textbf{86}, 012323 (2012)] discussed an entanglement concentration protocol (ECP) for partially entangled electrons using a quantum dot and microcavity coupled system. In his paper, each two-electron spin system in a partially entangled state can be concentrated with the assistance of an ancillary quantum dot and a single photon. In this paper, we will present an optimal ECP for such entangled electrons with the help of only one single photon. Compared with the protocol of Wang, the most significant advantage is that during the whole ECP, the single photon only needs to pass through one microcavity which will increase the total success probability if the cavity is imperfect. The whole protocol can be repeated to get a higher success probability. With the feasible technology, this protocol may be useful in current long-distance quantum communications.