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International Workshop on Education Technology and Computer Science

An Improved Tripartite Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol from Pairings

Peng He, Qiuliang Xu, Ruiguang Liu

Published Jan 1, 2010• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Key agreement protocols are essential for secure communications in open and distributed environment. The study of tripartite key agreement has great theoretical and practical significance. Shim and Woo pointed out that the four tripartite authenticated key agreement protocols proposed by Al-Riyami and Paterson were insecure. Modifying the communication messages, an active adversary is able to calculate the session key. Therefore, we propose an improved TAK protocol (TAK-V) resisting all known active attacks. Finally, we analyze the security and computation efficiency.

DOI
10.1109/etcs.2010.136

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Key agreement protocols are essential for secure communications in open and distributed environment. The study of tripartite key agreement has great theoretical and practical significance. Shim and Woo pointed out that the four tripartite authenticated key agreement protocols proposed by Al-Riyami and Paterson were insecure. Modifying the communication messages, an active adversary is able to calculate the session key. Therefore, we propose an improved TAK protocol (TAK-V) resisting all known active attacks. Finally, we analyze the security and computation efficiency.
In order to make key agreement protocol to resist against the active attacks, proposed a certificateless authenticated tripartite key agreement protocol. First, analysed the existing key agreement protocol. Then designed a security tripartite key agreement scheme based on the theory of certificateless cryptography. This protocol builds a security tripartite session key only need one round message exchange, which can strongly overcome the key escrow and offer perfect forward secrecy. The analysis of security and complexity shows that this protocol is secure and effective.
Even though several certificate-based tripartite key agreement protocols with pairings have been proposed, the insider impersonation attack was not noticed. This specific threat applies to those key agreement protocols where there are more than two communicating parties. This paper re-examines the previous protocols. We find that both Shim's scheme and the LHL scheme are not secure. The Shim scheme is weak in key-compromise impersonation attack, insider impersonation attack, and replay attack. The LHL tripartite key scheme is vulnerable to insider attack, outsider impersonation attack, and key-compromise impersonation attack. Furthemore, we propose two approaches to improve the security. Our schemes are more efficient than Al-Riyami-Paterson's tripartite key confirmation protocol, which is the most secure one among the referenced works.
Key agreement protocols allow multi-parties exchanging public information to create a common secret key that is known only to those entities over an insecure network. Since Joux first published the pairing-based one round tripartite key agreement protocol, many authenticated protocols have been proposed. Unfortunately, many of them have been broken while others have been shown to be deficient in some desirable security attributes. In 2004, Cheng et al. presented two protocols aimed at strengthening Shim’s certificate-based and Zhang et al.’s tripartite identitybased protocols. This paper reports that 1) In Cheng et al.’s identity-based protocol, an adversary can extract long-term private keys of all the parties involved; and 2) Cheng et al.’s certificationbased protocol is weak against key integrity attacks. This paper suggests possible remedies for the security flaws in both protocols and then presents a modified Cheng et al.’s identity-based, oneround tripartite protocol that is more secure than the original protocol.
In order to resist against the active attacks,Chen Jia-qi proposed an authenticated tripartite key agreement protocol based on certificateless cryptography in 2010. However,the protocol couldn't resist the passive opponent's attack,and it also couldn't meet some security attributes stated by Chen Jia-qi. In order to solve the above problems,based on an efficient certificateless two-party authenticated key agreement protocol given by He De-biao,this paper proposed a new certificateless authenticated tripartite key agreement protocol. The security and efficiency of the new protocol were analyzed. The result shows that the new protocol satisfies the security properties of the certificateless authenticated tripartite key agreement protocol. Compared with the protocol proposed by Chen Jia-qi,the efficiency of the new protocol is higher,which attributes to the reduced number of pairings in the new protocol.
The existing authenticated tripartitie key agreement protocols mostly employ bilinear pairings, with low computation efficiency, not suitable for wireless network. A new authenticated tripartite key agreement protocol is proposed in this thesis, employing exponentiation and hash function and displaying a higher computation efficiency. Security of the proposed protocol has been verified through a reliable means. Security analysis shows that the protocol can resist many familiar attacks including man-in-the-middle attacks, unknown key-share attacks and key-compromise impersonation attacks, and it is secure and effective.