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Physical Review A

Squeezing and superposition states

K. Wódkiewicz, P. L. Knight, Simon J. Buckle, Stephen Mark Barnett

Published Mar 1, 1987• 251 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a new class of radiation field states which exhibit squeezed fluctuations. This new class of states are formed by a simple implementation of the superposition principle and are fundamentally different from the conventional two-photon coherent squeezed states. We demonstrate the importance of these states as the natural product of the resonant interaction of suitably prepared atoms with the radiation field. We establish a general relationship between reduced quantum fluctuations of these field states and the dipole fluctuations of the atoms which produce them.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.35.2567

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We present a new class of radiation field states which exhibit squeezed fluctuations. This new class of states are formed by a simple implementation of the superposition principle and are fundamentally different from the conventional two-photon coherent squeezed states. We demonstrate the importance of these states as the natural product of the resonant interaction of suitably prepared atoms with the radiation field. We establish a general relationship between reduced quantum fluctuations of these field states and the dipole fluctuations of the atoms which produce them.
This paper develops a method of manipulating the squeezed atom state to generate a few-photon state whose phase or photon-number fluctuations are prescribed at our disposal. The squeezed-atom state is a collective atomic state whose quantum fluctuations in population difference or collective dipole are smaller than those of the coherent atom state. It is shown that the squeezed-atom state can be generated by the interaction of atoms with a coherent state of the electromagnetic field, and that it can be used as a tunable source of squeezed radiation. A variety of squeezed states, including the photon-number squeezed state and the phase squeezed state, can be produced by manipulating the atomic state. This is owing to the fact that quantum-statistical information of the atomic state is faithfully transferred to that of the photon state. Possible experimental situations to implement our theory are discussed.
This paper develops an idea of manipulating the squeezed atom state to generate a few-photon state whose phase or photon-number fluctuations are prescribed at our disposal. The squeezed atom state is a collective atomic state whose quantum fluctuations in population difference or collective dipole are smaller than those of the coherent atom state. It is shown that the squeezed atom state can be generated by the interaction of atoms with a coherent state of the electromagnetic field, and that it can be used as a tunable source of squeezed radiation. A variety of squeezed states including the photonnumber squeezed state and the phase squeezed state can be produced by manipulating the atomic state. This is owing to the fact that quantumstatistical information of the atomic state is faithfully transferred to that of the photon state. Possible experimental situations to implement our theory are discussed.
The k-photon Jaynes-Cummings model is studied with respect to the properties of the radiation mode. In particular, the generation of coherence and squeezing in the one- and two-photon model is examined for the case that the field is initially in the vacuum state and the atom is prepared in a coherent superposition of states. Coherence is found in the one-photon model, and squeezing appears in both the one- and the two-photon model, the maximum noise reduction being 25% and 45%, respectively. In the one-photon model coherent squeezed radiation is generated, whereas the two-photon model yields a squeezed vacuum. For an initial atomic preparation close to the ground state, this squeezed vacuum may be interpreted as the result of two-photon interaction between the quantized cavity field and a classical atomic current.