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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Concentration of radiation in the spectrum of a dye laser with an intracavity absorption cell

Slavomir S. Anufrik, Iosif S. Zeilikovich, V G Kukushkin, S. A. Pulkin

Published Oct 31, 1983• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An experimental and theoretical study was made of the concentration of radiation in a dye laser with an intracavity absorption cell. The phenomenon was shown to be nonlinear and was explained theoretically on the basis of a generalized model of a two-level atomic system. Good quantitative agreement was obtained between the experimental and theoretical results. Recommendations were developed for utilizing the investigated phenomenon in laser technology and nonlinear spectroscopy.

DOI
10.1070/qe1983v013n10abeh004892

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An experimental and theoretical study was made of the concentration of radiation in a dye laser with an intracavity absorption cell. The phenomenon was shown to be nonlinear and was explained theoretically on the basis of a generalized model of a two-level atomic system. Good quantitative agreement was obtained between the experimental and theoretical results. Recommendations were developed for utilizing the investigated phenomenon in laser technology and nonlinear spectroscopy.
A new technique for quantitative detection of atomic absorption by intracavity dye-laser quenching is studied. For the sodium D(2) line, a sensitivity of 7 x 10(4) atoms/cm(3) x 1% quenching is obtained; and the sensitivity in single-pass detection is 4 x 10(8) atoms/cm(3) x 1% absorption for a 15-cm cell. Use of a cw dye laser improves the sensitivity and the stability. The dependence of the sensitivity on the bandwidth of laser action is measured, and a simple theoretical consideration is given for single-pass absorption.
The intracavity laser spectroscopy method was used to determine the two-photon absorption of potassium vapor. The two-photon transitions from the ground state 4 2 S 1/2 to the states 6 2 S 1/2 and 4 2 D 3/2,5/2 were detected from absorption in the output spectrum of a wide-band dye laser emitting in the range 760–770 nm; the absorption occurred at a frequency corresponding to the difference between the energies of the upper state and the energy of a ruby laser photon. The ratio ofthe absorption cross section to the square ofthe field was σ 2 / E 2 = 1.5 × 10 −33 ,1.3 × 10 −35 ,and 2.8 × 10 −36 m 4 /V 2 , in satisfactory agreement with calculations carried out on the basis of perturbation theory.
Doppler-free two-photon absorption experiments have been preliminarily carried out to investigate the highly excited D states of Rb atom using a cw tunable dye laser.The two-photon absorption signals with big signal to noise ratios have been obtained by means of a space-charge limited ionization detector equipped inside a Rb cell.The sharp slope of the first derivative curve of the absorption signal shows the entire possibility of frequency stabilization of a dye laser in terms of ultra-violet wavelength references via two-photon absorption technique.The obtained experimental results are compared with the results which have been performed so far by other researchers, and quantitative discussions are made.
An experimental investigation was made of fluctuations of the spectral distribution of the intensity in the wide-band spectrum of a ring cw traveling-wave dye laser. Allowance for the averaging within the limits of the instrumental function of a spectrometer was made by analyzing the noise power spectra obtained for the recorded intensity distributions. A good agreement with the theory was observed. The threshold of detection of an intracavity spectrometer, denned in terms of the absorption coefficient, was found to be governed by the quantum nature of the radiation used in the spectrometer and amounted to ~ 3 X 10 − 17 cm − 1 when the accumulation time was 20 s.
An experimental investigation was made of the spectral and energy characteristics of the radiation emitted by a dye laser with a ring resonator containing an absorbing medium (potassium vapor) in which an anisotropy was induced by a strong external optical wave. Narrowing of the dye output radiation to about 10???2 nm and locking of the emission spectrum to one- and two-photon absorption lines of the potassium vapor were observed. An investigation was made of the locking efficiency for different polarizations of the strong wave.
Analytic expressions are obtained for the spectral composition of laser radiation inside a resonator cavity filled with a gas of two-level atoms. The intracavity radiation field is approximated by a trichromatic field with an intermode frequency interval governed by the laser resonator frequency Ω = c /2 L ( L is the resonator cavity length). The radiation spectrum consists of a large number of harmonics which are multiples of Ω. The amplitudes of these harmonics exhibit a periodic dependence on the concentration of the absorbing atoms and on the resonator length. The maxima of the harmonics correspond to specific relationships between the parameters, which are the conditions for what is known as an intracavity parametric resonance.