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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Two-dimensional atom localization via a coherence-controlled absorption spectrum in anN-tripod-type five-level atomic system

Chunling Ding, Jiahua Li, Xiaoxue Yang, Zhiming Zhan, Ji-Bing Liu

Published Jun 29, 2011• 45 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme of two-dimensional atom localization based on a coherence-controlled absorption spectrum in an N -tripod-type five-level system is proposed, in which the atom interacts with a weak probe field and three standing-wave fields. Position information of the atom can be achieved by measuring the probe absorption. It is found that the localization properties are significantly improved due to the interaction of dark resonances. It is also shown that the localization factors depend strongly on the system parameters that lead to such spatial structures of localization as chain-like, wave-like, '8'-like, spike-like, crater-like and heart-like patterns. By properly adjusting the system parameters, we can achieve a high-precision and high-resolution atom localization under certain conditions.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/44/14/145501

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A scheme of two-dimensional atom localization based on a coherence-controlled absorption spectrum in an N -tripod-type five-level system is proposed, in which the atom interacts with a weak probe field and three standing-wave fields. Position information of the atom can be achieved by measuring the probe absorption. It is found that the localization properties are significantly improved due to the interaction of dark resonances. It is also shown that the localization factors depend strongly on the system parameters that lead to such spatial structures of localization as chain-like, wave-like, '8'-like, spike-like, crater-like and heart-like patterns. By properly adjusting the system parameters, we can achieve a high-precision and high-resolution atom localization under certain conditions.
We propose a scheme for two-dimensional (2D) atom localization in a four-level tripod system under an influence of two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Position information of the atom is retained in the atomic internal states by an additional probe field either of a standing or of a running wave. It is shown that the localization factors depend crucially on the atom-field coupling that results in such spatial structures of populations as spikes, craters, and waves. We demonstrate a high-precision localization due to measurement of population in the upper state or in any ground state.
We propose a scheme for high-precision two- and three-dimensional atom localization in a coherently driven closed-loop five-level M-type atomic system by using a density matrix formalism. Our system consists of not only strong and probe fields but also a microwave field to form a closed loop in the atomic system. Due to position-dependent interaction of the atom in the standing-wave field, the absorption spectra of the probe field provide the precise information about atom localization in a subspace of one wavelength. While numerically solving the density matrix equations, various kinds of localization patterns are obtained, such as parallel wave-, crater-, valley-, and bell-shape-like, in the case of two-dimensional atom localization. Further, the three-dimensional atom localization case is also discussed under different parametric conditions. High precession and high resolution of atom localization are observed for our case and the localization can be tuned to the desired subspace by properly adjusting external parameters. Moreover, maximum conditional probability distribution of the atom is also achieved, i.e., 1 in both two- and three-dimensional localization cases under appropriate conditions.
A scheme for realizing two-dimensional atom localization in the sub-wavelength domain is proposed in a microwave-driven five-level hyper inverted-Y atomic system in which the atom interacts with a weak probe field, two control fields together with two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Because of the spatially dependent atom-field interaction, the information about the position of the atom can be extracted directly from the absorption and gain spectra of a weak probe field. It has been found that the probe detuning, the intensities of two control fields, and the relative phase of the driving fields can significantly improve the localization precision. Moreover, the maximal probability of finding the atom at an expected position in the sub-wavelength domain of the standing-wave field can reach unity via properly adjusting the system parameters.
We propose a scheme for high-precision two-dimensional (2D) sub-wavelength atom localization in a tripod-type atomic system. The position information of a moving atom can be obtained by measuring the probe field absorption when the atom interacts with a weak probe field and two orthogonal standing-wave fields. It is found that sub-wavelength atom localization can be obtained under the condition of two-photon resonance. Remarkably, the localization precision can be significantly improved by changing the strength of the coherent coupling fields in the presence of superposition of coherent coupling field and standing-wave field.
Abstract We propose a new scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization by observing the spatially modulated absorption of a weak probe field operating in a partially closed-loop dependent five-level atomic system. Different spatial structures of localization patterns are presented by controlling the Rabi frequency, detuning, and field-induced collective phase-coherence with a variety of superposed standing wave field configurations. Our results highlight that 100% detection probability of atom is possible in the present model in many ways with high precision measurement of spatial absorption. It has been shown that, in the presence of standing wave fields, position information of the atom with maximum detection probability can be efficiently controlled by employing the travelling-wave field in the system. In the present work, we note that the maximum detection probability of the atom is attainable with the limit of spatial resolution better than λ/50. The efficacy of the present model is to find its application in atom nanolithography and atom-imaging having importance in quantum information processing.
We present a simple scheme of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization controlled by spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) and incoherent pump in a closed Λ-type three-level atomic system. Due to the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the conditional position probability distribution of the atom passing through the standing waves can be directly determined by measuring the phase-sensitive probe absorption-gain spectrum. The role of the SGC and incoherent pump in the precision and spatial resolution of 2D atom localization is studied. It is found that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position in one period of the standing waves can reach 100% via properly adjusting the parameters of the system.