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Physical Review A

Nonclassical photon correlation of nanoparticle in a microcavity

C. H. Raymond Ooi, Qihuang Gong

Published Feb 2, 2012• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the quantum correlation of photon pairs from a double Raman particle driven by laser fields in a modified photon density of states such as a cavity or a defect in a photonic crystal. We obtain an exact semianalytical expression for the photon correlation, which is characterized by two complex decay functions associated with the levels splitting (effective Rabi frequencies) that depend on the control laser field. The position and width of the cavity density of state with respect to the anti-Stokes transition determine the features in the two-photon correlation profile.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.85.023803

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Quantum Langevin formalism with noise operators is used to provide quantum descriptions of photon pairs (the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields) emitted by a mesoscopic spherical particle composed of quantum particles in a double Raman configuration. The spectra of the fields obtained are sensitive to the dimension of the microsphere and can be controlled by pump and control laser fields. Spectral peaks due to quantum coherence are Stark shifted by the laser fields experiencing autofocusing inside the spherical particle, causing broadening of peaks as the size of the microsphere increases. The antinormal-order spectrum is found to be identical to the normal-order spectrum. The anti-Stokes spectrum is identical to the Stokes spectrum when the linear dispersion is neglected. Frequency-dependent dielectric functions of the Stokes and anti-Stokes spectra corresponding to the linear dispersions of the particle yield narrow morphology-dependent resonance gain peaks at certain frequencies of the Stokes and anti-Stokes spectra that depend not only on the particle size but also on the angle of observation.
We study a classically driven two-level system in a harmonic trap and a lossy two-mode cavity, with the first mode being resonant to the driving field and an electronic transition, and the second mode being off-resonant, forming a vibrational-assisted Raman transition. Using an exact numerical method, we compute the steady state as well as the time evolution of the photon statistics. We further investigate the photon correlations of both the cavity modes and identify the laser parameters and coupling strength that give the nonclassical sub-Poissonian property. The work is useful for coherent control of photon statistics and photon correlations in the trapped two-level system.
The quantum correlation between a pair of Stokes and anti-Stokes photons, involving a Raman emission process is calculated. All realistic radiative and nonradiative decays are included in the calculation and the photon correlation between the pair for arbitrarily strong excitation fields and detunings are calculated. The correlation function shows photon antibunching, and a damped sinusoidal behavior with respect to the time delay between the measurement of the two photons. The current system can also produce four photon entanglement.
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