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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Remote state preparation: arbitrary remote control of photon polarizations for quantum communication

Nicholas A. Peters, Julio T. Barreiro, M. E. Goggin, Tzu-Chieh Wei, Paul G. Kwiat

Published Aug 18, 2005• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By using a partial polarizer to apply a generalized polarization measurement to one photon of a polarization entangled pair, we remotely prepare single photons in arbitrary polarization qubits. Specifically, we are able to produce a range of states of any desired degree of mixedness or purity, over (and within) the entire Poincare sphere, with a typical fidelity exceeding 99.5%. Moreover, by using non-degenerate entangled pairs as a resource, we can prepare states in multiple wavelengths. Finally, we discuss the states remotely preparable given a particular two-qubit resource state.

DOI
10.1117/12.615734

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By using a partial polarizer to apply a generalized polarization measurement to one photon of a polarization entangled pair, we remotely prepare single photons in arbitrary polarization qubits. Specifically, we are able to produce a range of states of any desired degree of mixedness or purity, over (and within) the entire Poincare sphere, with a typical fidelity exceeding 99.5%. Moreover, by using non-degenerate entangled pairs as a resource, we can prepare states in multiple wavelengths. Finally, we discuss the states remotely preparable given a particular two-qubit resource state.
We demonstrate an experiment for remote preparation of arbitrary photon polarization states. With local operations, polarization measurement, and one way classical communication, any states lying on and inside the Poincar\'e sphere can be remotely prepared. For arbitrary pure states, the efficiency is 100% with a communication cost of one entanglement bit and two classical bits. For mixed states, polarization insensitive measurement is introduced and the classical communication cost is one bit. Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) is employed as an entanglement source. The remotely prepared qubits are estimated via quantum tomography process and fidelity between the experimentally prepared state and the expected state is considered to test the data. We achieve remote preparation of 13 states with fidelities all above 0.994.
We present a technique for remotely preparing an arbitrary single-photon hybrid state between two distant nodes. This remote state preparation (RSP) is accomplished with a hyper-entangled state in polarization and time-bin degrees of freedom (DoFs) using some experimentally available optical elements and devices. In our RSP, the sender performs unitary operations on her hyper-entangled photon in accordance with her knowledge of the desired state to be transmitted. By performing a single-photon projective measurement and classical communication, the target state will be reconstructed at the remote receiver’s quantum system. Furthermore, we discuss the RSP via a partially hyper-entangled state. We expect our study can pave the way towards the investigation of long-distance quantum communication scenarios.
We propose a deterministic remote state preparation scheme for photon polarization qubit states, where entanglement, local operations, and classical communication are used. By consuming one maximally entangled state and two classical bits, an arbitrary (either pure or mixed) qubit state can be prepared deterministically at a remote location. We experimentally demonstrate the scheme by remotely preparing 121212 pure states and 666 mixed states. The fidelities between the desired and achieved states are all higher than 0.990.990.99 and have an average of 0.99470.99470.9947.
Remote state preparation (RSP) provides a useful way of transferring quantum information between two distant nodes based on the previously shared entanglement. In this paper, we study RSP of an arbitrary single-photon state in two degrees of freedom (DoFs). Using hyper-entanglement as a shared resource, our first goal is to remotely prepare the single-photon state in polarization and frequency DoFs and the second one is to reconstruct the single-photon state in polarization and time-bin DoFs. In the RSP process, the sender will rotate the quantum state in each DoF of the photon according to the knowledge of the state to be communicated. By performing a projective measurement on the polarization of the sender’s photon, the original single-photon state in two DoFs can be remotely reconstructed at the receiver’s quantum systems. This work demonstrates a novel capability for longdistance quantum communication.