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Journal of Modern Optics

Experimental observation of electromagnetically induced transparency in Pr3+:LaF3

Ахмеджанов Ринат Абдулхаевич, Lev Gushin, Elena Kuznetsova, Alexander G. Litvak, Victor Yasenkov, N. V. Zharova

Published Oct 25, 2006• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report an experimental observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in Pr3+:LaF3 at liquid helium temperature at the 3H4(0)–1D2 (16 872 cm−1) transition. Transparency resonance at ground state hyperfine sublevels (in a Λ scheme) and a dispersion-shaped resonance due to excited state hyperfine coherences (in a V scheme) are detected. Theoretical analysis taking into account the six-level Pr3+ level structure gives qualitative agreement with the experiment.

DOI
10.1080/09500340600894113

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We report an experimental observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in Pr3+:LaF3 at liquid helium temperature at the 3H4(0)–1D2 (16 872 cm−1) transition. Transparency resonance at ground state hyperfine sublevels (in a Λ scheme) and a dispersion-shaped resonance due to excited state hyperfine coherences (in a V scheme) are detected. Theoretical analysis taking into account the six-level Pr3+ level structure gives qualitative agreement with the experiment.
We examine electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), the optical preparation of persistent nuclear spin coherences and the retrieval of light pulses both in a Λ-type and a V-type coupling scheme in a Pr 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 crystal, cooled to cryogenic temperatures. The medium is prepared by optical pumping and spectral hole burning, creating a spectrally isolated Λ-type and a V-type system within the inhomogeneous bandwidth of the 3 H 4 ↔ 1 D 2 transition of the Pr 3+ ions. By EIT, in the Λ-type scheme we drive a nuclear spin coherence between the ground-state hyperfine levels, while in the V-type scheme we drive a coherence between the excited-state hyperfine levels. We observe the cancellation of absorption due to EIT and the retrieval of light pulses in both level schemes. This also permits the determination of dephasing times of the nuclear spin coherence, either in the ground state or the optically excited state.
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The results of experimental and numerical investigations of electromagnetically induced transparency in a Pr 3+ :LaF 3 crystal have been presented. A spectrally isolated Λ system has been made of a specially prepared medium of an ensemble of particles with an inhomogeneous width less than the hyperfine splitting of both upper and lower operating levels. A considerable increase in the transmittance with respect to an unprepared medium has been demonstrated. It has been shown that, under the experimental conditions, the transmittance is limited by the apparatus (spread of the transmission peak by the instrumental linewidth specified by the probe pulse length).
We report characterization of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances in the D1 line of (87)Rb under various experimental conditions. The dependence of the EIT linewidth on the power of the pump field was investigated at various temperatures for the ground states of the lambda system associated with different hyperfine levels of the atomic 5S(1/2) state as well as magnetic sublevels of the same hyperfine level. Strictly linear behavior was observed in all cases. A theoretical analysis of our results shows that dephasing in the ground state is the main source of decoherence, with population exchange playing a minor role.
We report the first observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an isotopically purified Nd3+:YLiF4{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{YLiF}}_{4}Nd3+:YLiF4​ crystal. This crystal demonstrates inhomogeneous broadening of optical transitions of about 35 MHz. EIT is observed in a symmetrical $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-like system formed by two hyperfine sublevels of the ground state corresponding to a zero first-order Zeeman (ZEFOZ) transition and a hyperfine sublevel of the excited state, which is not coupled to other ground-state sublevels. It is found that transmission of the probe field as a function of the two-photon detuning demonstrates a comblike structure that can be attributed to superhyperfine coupling between Nd3+{\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}Nd3+ ions and fluorine nuclei. The observed structure can be resolved only in the vicinity of the ZEFOZ point where the homogeneous linewidth of the spin transition is sufficiently small. The results pave the way for implementing solid-state quantum memories based on off-resonant Raman interaction without spectral tailoring of optical transitions.
A nondegenerate four-level N-type scheme was experimentally implemented to observe electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) at the 87 Rb D 2 line. Radiations of two independent external-cavity semiconductor lasers were used in the experiment, the current of one of them being modulated at a frequency equal to the hyperfine-splitting frequency of the excited 5 P 3/2 level. In this case, apart from the main EIT dip corresponding to the two-photon Raman resonance in a three-level L-scheme, additional dips detuned from the main dip by a frequency equal to the frequency of the HF generator were observed in the absorption spectrum. These dips were due to an increase in the medium transparency at frequencies corresponding to the three-photon Raman resonances in four-level N-type schemes. The resonance shapes are analyzed as functions of generator frequency and magnetic field.