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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Electromagnetically induced transparency in quantum dot systems

Yiwen Jiang, Ka‐Di Zhu, Zhuo-Jie Wu, Xiao-Zhong Yuan, Ming Yao

Published May 24, 2006• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in quantum dot exciton systems in which the exciton behaves as a two-level system is investigated theoretically. It is shown that due to strong exciton–phonon coupling EIT can occur in such a quantum dot system and ultraslow light can propagate. The nonlinear optical absorption and Kerr coefficient based on EIT are also calculated. The numerical results show that giant nonlinear optical effects can be obtained while the frequency of the signal field differs only by an amount of LO phonon frequency from the exciton frequency in quantum dot systems.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/39/12/001

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Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in quantum dot exciton systems in which the exciton behaves as a two-level system is investigated theoretically. It is shown that due to strong exciton–phonon coupling EIT can occur in such a quantum dot system and ultraslow light can propagate. The nonlinear optical absorption and Kerr coefficient based on EIT are also calculated. The numerical results show that giant nonlinear optical effects can be obtained while the frequency of the signal field differs only by an amount of LO phonon frequency from the exciton frequency in quantum dot systems.
Phonon mediated electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)and ultraslow light in strongly coupled exciton-phonon systems are investigated theoretically without making any approximation for excitons. It is shown that electromagnetically induced transparency mediated by phonons and the ultraslow light can occur in such systems as the signal field detuning from the exciton frequency is exactly equal to the phonon frequency. It is further shown that the phonon mediated EIT and ultraslow light calculated by using the exact exciton model is essentially the same as the numerical results obtained using the Bose approximation or the Dyson-Maleev approximation.
Considering the exciton-biexciton coherence, we analytically study the linear absorption and nonlinear propagation properties of the probe and signal field in a semiconductor quantum dot. It is found that in the linear case, in the system takes place an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon. Furthermore, we obtain that in the system there occurs one- or two-transparency window, or optical gain, which is controlled by adjusting the coupling control field. For the nonlinear case, the weak probe field, which is induced by a signal field, splits into two parts. When their excited self-Kerr and cross-Kerr nonlinear effects balance the refractive effect of the beam, the system exhibits bright-bright, bright-dark, dark-bright, dark-dark soliton pairs.
We report on large optical nonlinear effects induced by coherent interactions between excitons and biexcitons in quantum dots. The absorption spectra in an exciton–biexciton system are measured in InGaAs quantum dots by using single dot spectroscopy. The spectra exhibit unusual shapes that have a transparent region under a strong excitation condition. A pump–probe measurement ensures that the exciton state is erased by a quantum interference effect with exciton and biexciton photoabsorption processes. These results suggest that optical functions such as electromagnetically induced transparency are feasible with excitons and biexcitons in quantum dots.
A coherent absorption dip in pump-probe experiment performed on a ten layer optically thin InGaAs∕GaAs quantum dot (QD) structure has been observed. Measurements performed for different wavelengths, polarizations, pulse widths, and temperatures allow assigning the dip to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The EIT scheme is based on coupling of excitons with different spins in asymmetric QDs. Using spectrally narrow pulses, detrimental effect of the inhomogeneous broadening is reduced since only the QDs with transitions resonant with the pulse wavelength are addressed and participate in the EIT. The effect has been observed at temperatures up to 140K.