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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Electromagnetically induced transparency due to exciton-phonon interaction in an organic quantum well

Ka‐Di Zhu, Wai-Sang Li

Published Oct 30, 2001• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Using the bosonic exciton approximation, we show that there exists electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an organic quantum well which includes the interaction of charge-transfer excitons and phonons. The numerical results indicate that the strong exciton-phonon interaction plays a key role in the generation of the EIT. Without the exciton-phonon coupling, the EIT will disappear immediately. Ultraslow light effects are also discussed in this system.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/34/21/102

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Using the bosonic exciton approximation, we show that there exists electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an organic quantum well which includes the interaction of charge-transfer excitons and phonons. The numerical results indicate that the strong exciton-phonon interaction plays a key role in the generation of the EIT. Without the exciton-phonon coupling, the EIT will disappear immediately. Ultraslow light effects are also discussed in this system.
Phonon mediated electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)and ultraslow light in strongly coupled exciton-phonon systems are investigated theoretically without making any approximation for excitons. It is shown that electromagnetically induced transparency mediated by phonons and the ultraslow light can occur in such systems as the signal field detuning from the exciton frequency is exactly equal to the phonon frequency. It is further shown that the phonon mediated EIT and ultraslow light calculated by using the exact exciton model is essentially the same as the numerical results obtained using the Bose approximation or the Dyson-Maleev approximation.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in quantum dot exciton systems in which the exciton behaves as a two-level system is investigated theoretically. It is shown that due to strong exciton–phonon coupling EIT can occur in such a quantum dot system and ultraslow light can propagate. The nonlinear optical absorption and Kerr coefficient based on EIT are also calculated. The numerical results show that giant nonlinear optical effects can be obtained while the frequency of the signal field differs only by an amount of LO phonon frequency from the exciton frequency in quantum dot systems.
This chapter discusses advantage of the many-body Coulomb interactions to generate and manipulate nonradiative quantum coherences. It describes theoretically, the manifestation and behavior of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) processes in transient regimes. The chapter also discusses experimental demonstrations of EIT using excitons in gallium arsenide quantum-well structures. It shows that many-body Coulomb interactions between excitons can be exploited for the generation and manipulation of exciton spin coherence and biexciton coherence. The chapter provides the similarities and especially the essential differences in EIT processes between atomic and excitonic systems. It focuses on the changes in the absorption spectrum induced by EIT; these changes are also accompanied by corresponding changes in the refractive index. The absorption spectrum features a distinct EIT dip similar to that observed for cw excitations. The experimental setup for transient EIT studies was based on a standard transient pump-probe configuration, but with different pump and probe pulse durations.
We describe how electromagnetically induced transparency can arise in quadratically coupled optomechanical systems. Due to quadratic coupling, the underlying optical process involves a two-phonon process in an optomechanical system, and this two-phonon process makes the mean displacement, which plays the role of atomic coherence in traditional electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), zero. We show how the fluctuation in displacement can play a role similar to atomic coherence and can lead to EIT-like effects in quadratically coupled optomechanical systems. We show how such effects can be studied using the existing optomechanical systems.
We report experimental studies of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) arising from exciton spin coherence in the transient optical response of GaAs quantum wells. The exciton spin coherence, which is a direct result of Coulomb correlations between excitons with opposite spins, is induced via bound or unbound two-exciton states. Theoretical analyses based on a three-level model illustrate the manifestation of EIT in a transient regime and provide qualitative guidance for understanding the transient behaviors observed in the EIT experiments. Additional studies of the effects of exciton energy renormalization on optical Stark splitting also provide insights on how exciton many-body interactions can lead to unusual time-dependent asymmetric EIT line shapes.
Highly excited Rydberg states of excitons in Cu_{2}O semiconductors provide a promising approach to explore and control strong particle interactions in a solid-state environment. A major obstacle has been the substantial absorption background that stems from exciton-phonon coupling and lies under the Rydberg excitation spectrum, weakening the effects of exciton interactions. Here, we demonstrate that two-photon excitation of Rydberg excitons under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be used to control this background. Based on a microscopic theory that describes the known single-photon absorption spectrum, we analyze the conditions under which two-photon EIT permits separating the optical Rydberg excitation from the phonon-induced absorption background, and even suppressing it entir7ely. Our findings thereby pave the way for the exploitation of Rydberg blockade with Cu_{2}O excitons in nonlinear optics and other applications.