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Qubit Transport and Fault-tolerant Architectures in Silicon

Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg, Andrew D. Greentree, Cameron J. Wellard, Austin G. Fowler, Simon J. Devitt, Jared H. Cole

Published Jul 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The paper reviews a new adiabatic scheme - coherent spin transport by adiabatic passage (CSTAP) - for physical qubit transport particularly suited to atomic and solid-state systems. Several applications immediately follow, including a 2D Si:P donor electron spin architecture for quantum computing, and protocols for generating entangled states across non-local qubits.

DOI
10.1109/iconn.2006.340623

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The paper reviews a new adiabatic scheme - coherent spin transport by adiabatic passage (CSTAP) - for physical qubit transport particularly suited to atomic and solid-state systems. Several applications immediately follow, including a 2D Si:P donor electron spin architecture for quantum computing, and protocols for generating entangled states across non-local qubits.
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Qubit transport has been identified as vital in improving quantum error correction thresholds in scalable quantum computer architectures. Introducing practical transport in the solid-state is problematic, but in phosphorus in silicon implementations we have shown an interesting adiabatic protocol for qubit transfer, coherent tunneling adiabatic passage (CTAP). Here we review the role of CTAP as a quantum wire, highlighting the protocol and the temporal scaling as the length of the transport chain is increased. We also highlight an extension of CTAP to generate spatial superposition states which demonstrates some of the flexibility of quantum electronic structures over quantum optical systems.
We introduce an adiabatic transfer protocol for spin states in large quantum dot arrays that is based on time-dependent modulation of the Heisenberg exchange interaction in the presence of a magnetic field gradient. We refer to this protocol as spin-CTAP (coherent transport by adiabatic passage) in analogy to a related protocol developed for charge-state transfer in quantum dot arrays. The insensitivity of this adiabatic protocol to pulse imperfections has potential advantages for reading out extended spin qubit arrays. When the static exchange interaction varies across the array, a quantum-controlled version of spin-CTAP is possible, where the transfer process is conditional on the spin states in the middle of the array. This conditional operation can be used to generate NNN-qubit entangled GHZ states. Using a realistic noise model, we analyze the robustness of the spin-CTAP operations and find that high-fidelity (>95>95%>95) spin eigenstate transfer and GHZ state preparation is feasible in current devices.