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Physica Scripta

Swap gate and controlled swap gate based on a single resonant interaction with cavity quantum electrodynamics

Xiao‐Qiang Shao, Li Chen, Shou Zhang, Yongfang Zhao

Published May 22, 2009• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme for implementing a swap gate is proposed with atoms sent through a microwave cavity. This scheme can be directly generalized to realize the controlled swap gate through appropriate changes of the coupling constants between the atoms and cavity. Moreover, an N -qubit controlled swap gate can be achieved without changing the gating time as the number of qubits increases.

DOI
10.1088/0031-8949/79/06/065004

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A scheme for implementing a swap gate is proposed with atoms sent through a microwave cavity. This scheme can be directly generalized to realize the controlled swap gate through appropriate changes of the coupling constants between the atoms and cavity. Moreover, an N -qubit controlled swap gate can be achieved without changing the gating time as the number of qubits increases.
A scheme for implementing a three-qubit Toffoli gate with atoms sent through a microwave cavity is proposed by choosing nonidentical coupling constants between the atoms and cavity. The scheme can be generalized to implement an NNN-qubit Toffoli gate and the gating time does not change with an increase of the number of qubits.
A two-qubit quantum swap gate scheme based on coherent state qubit is proposed in cavity quantum electrodynamics system. Our scheme adopt the interaction between the Λ-type atomic ensemble and the two-mode optical cavity, and the swap gate can be realized directly only one step, so as to save a lot of quantum resources and reduce the number of single qubit rotation operations in the actual quantum information processing. It is found that under the condition of large detuning limit, the excited states of atoms are adiabatically eliminated, and the decoherence caused by the spontaneous emission of atoms is effectively suppressed. All atoms in the optical cavity are universally addressed, which reduces the experimental operation difficulty of the scheme. The fidelity of the quantum logic gate is maintained at a very high level when the photon loss of the cavity field is considered. Compared with the single-atom scheme, it is found that the atom-cavity interaction time required by the atomic ensemble scheme is inversely proportional to the number of atoms, so that the speed of the quantum logic gate can be increased by N times. Therefore, in principle, as long as enough atoms interacting with the optical field, an effective coupling of any atom-cavity field can be generated, which is conducive to selecting the appropriate quantum gate operation time in practical operation and effectively avoiding decoherence.
We propose a scheme to implement quantum controlled SWAP gates by directing single-photon pulses to a two-sided cavity with a single trapped atom. The resultant gates can be used to realize quantum fingerprinting and universal photonic quantum computation. We present a theoretical model for our scheme and analyze its performance under practical noise, including spontaneous emission and randomness of atom-cavity coupling strength. It is shown that our scheme should be robust against practical imperfections in current cavity QED experiment setup.