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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Frequency Shift in Magnetic Transitions between Hyperfine Levels of 2P3/2 States of Cs133

A. Faist, Edmond Geneux, Shoichiro Koide

Published Dec 1, 1964• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By using the double resonance method, transitions F =5→ F =4 and F =3→ F =2 are measured for 7 2 P 3/2 and 8 2 P 3/2 states of Cs 133 atom ( I =7/2). Frequency shifts proportional to the input power are observed. In order to compare with the experiment, the theory of frequency shift due to radiation is generalized to the case of transitions between degenerate levels. The result of the calculation is in good agreement with the experimental data.

DOI
10.1143/jpsj.19.2299

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By using the double resonance method, transitions F =5→ F =4 and F =3→ F =2 are measured for 7 2 P 3/2 and 8 2 P 3/2 states of Cs 133 atom ( I =7/2). Frequency shifts proportional to the input power are observed. In order to compare with the experiment, the theory of frequency shift due to radiation is generalized to the case of transitions between degenerate levels. The result of the calculation is in good agreement with the experimental data.
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The fluorescence spectra of a sub-micron atomic cesium vapor layer observable under resonant excitation on D2 line have been studied in the presence of an external magnetic field. Substantial changes in amplitudes and frequency positions of the individual (resolved) hyperfine transitions have been recorded in moderate magnetic fields (up to ~ 50 Gauss). These features are caused by mixing of the hyperfine states of the upper level resulting from comparable values of the hyperfine splitting of the 62^P_{3/2} manifold and Larmor frequencies of the magnetic sublevels. The results of simulation show a good agreement with the experimental spectra. Possible application of the results for high spatial resolution magnetometry is discussed.
A general method is presented for calculating the higher-order terms of series in powers of the black-body radiation field for the Stark-state wavefunctions, dipole transition matrix elements and corresponding frequency shifts of hyperfine splitting in the ground states for Cs and Rb atoms. A numerical method for calculating the light shifts in Sr atoms is described. It is based on the Green function method for summation over all intermediate states and exact Dirac–Fock wavefunctions for the resonant transitions to the first excited s-, p- and d-states. By comparing the calculated Stark shift with results of measurements employing atomic frequency standards, the black-body radiation effects on the ground state are analysed.
Transitions F e − F g = Δ F = ±2 between the excited and ground levels of the hyperfine structure of the Cs D 2 atomic line in an external magnetic field of 300–3000 G have been studied for the first time with the use of σ + and σ − circularly polarized radiation. Selection rules forbid these transitions in zero magnetic field. At the same time, the probabilities of these transitions in a magnetic field increase significantly; for this reason, we refer to these transitions as magnetically induced transitions. The following rule has been found for the intensities of 24 magnetically induced F g = 3 → F e = 5 and F g = 4 → F e = 2 transitions: the intensities of magnetically induced transitions with Δ F = +2 are maximal (the number of such magnetically induced transitions is also maximal) in the case of σ + polarized radiation, whereas the intensities of magnetically induced transitions with Δ F = −2 are maximal (the number of such transitions is also maximal) in the case of σ − σ + and σ − polarized radiation can reach several orders of magnitude; i.e., anomalous circular dichroism is observed. For an experimental test, absorption spectra of a Cs-filled nanocell with the thickness equal to half the wavelength of resonant laser radiation = 852 nm have been analyzed in order to separately detect magnetically induced transitions. The experiment is in good agreement with the theory. Possible applications have been discussed.