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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Improvement of the shift tolerance in the double random phase encoding encryption system

Bor Wang, Ching‐Cherng Sun, Wei‐Chia Su

Published Oct 1, 1999• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Double random phase encoding technique is a valuable and effective method for optical image encryption. However, a precise alignment is required when optical setup is performed. In this paper, we investigate the shift tolerance property of the technique. The theory of the robustness to data loss of the encrypted image is proposed. According to the theory, we propose a simple and novel method to improve the shift tolerance of the decrypting phase mask. Both theory and computer simulation are presented.

DOI
10.1117/12.363967

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Double random phase encoding technique is a valuable and effective method for optical image encryption. However, a precise alignment is required when optical setup is performed. In this paper, we investigate the shift tolerance property of the technique. The theory of the robustness to data loss of the encrypted image is proposed. According to the theory, we propose a simple and novel method to improve the shift tolerance of the decrypting phase mask. Both theory and computer simulation are presented.
There is growing interest of the successful application of double random phase encoding in optical encryption techniques. Nevertheless, this method has some weaknesses such as the problem of optical axis alignment. A few modified schemes have been proposed in order to improve the misalignment but not for the DRPE. This paper addresses a simulated solution of DRPE scheme based on 4f optically system to improve the shift tolerance of the decrypting key by using deterministic phase masks instead of random phase masks. The main advantage of deterministic phase masks is the compact and tiny size of the keys and they are long enough so that an attacker cannot try any possible combinations. Initial feasibility studies have been undertaken and show a sufficient enhancement to axis alignment as compared to the conventional DRPE. We describe the principle of masks generation and present the simulations results which have been made to evaluate its performance in terms of data loss and shift of the decrypting key in the Fourier plane.
An image encryption method combining the joint transform correlator (JTC) architecture with phase-shifting interferometry to realize double random-phase encoding is proposed. The encrypted field and the decrypting key are registered as holograms by phase-shifting interferometry. This method can encrypt two images simultaneously to improve the encryption efficiency of the methods based on JTC architecture, and eliminate the system alignment constraint of the methods based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) architecture. Its feasibility and validity are verified by computer simulations. Moreover, image encryption and decryption can be achieved at high speed optically or digitally. The encrypted data are suitable for Internet transmission.
A number of methods have recently been proposed in the literature for the encryption of two-dimensional information by use of optical systems based on the fractional Fourier transform. Typically, these methods require random phase screen keys for decrypting the data, which must be stored at the receiver and must be carefully aligned with the received encrypted data. A new technique based on a random shifting, or jigsaw, algorithm is proposed. This method does not require the use of phase keys. The image is encrypted by juxtaposition of sections of the image in fractional Fourier domains. The new method has been compared with existing methods and shows comparable or superior robustness to blind decryption. Optical implementation is discussed, and the sensitivity of the various encryption keys to blind decryption is examined.
In this paper, an explanation of the double random phase encryption technique using affine cryptography is proposed. The principle of this technique to decipher an optical image may be regarded as an optical realization of the affine cryptography. During the deciphering process of double random phase encryption based on the 4-f optical system, if there are errors in the random phase, which plays as a decryption key, these errors will be added to the encrypted image in the form of noise. The signal-to-noise ratio of the decrypted image has been analysed under the situation that the errors had occurred, both in the position of lateral direction and the value of the pixel function from the random phase mask. Furthermore, the fault tolerance of orientation in the decipher system has been discussed when only a part of the random phase mask is used.