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Nonlinear Optics

Interaction induced photon-number entangled temporal soliton pairs

Ray‐Kuang Lee, Yinchieh Lai

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The quantum fluctuations of two out-of-phase time-separated temporal solitons are calculated. Almost perfect positive correlation between their photon-number fluctuations can be achieved after propgating a certain distance and with suitable initial separation.
DOI
10.1364/nlo.2004.fa3

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Two simple schemes for generating macroscopic (many-photon) continuous-variable entangled states by means of continuous interactions (rather than collisions) between solitons in optical fibers are proposed. First, quantum fluctuations around two time-separated single-component temporal solitons are considered. Almost perfect correlation between the photon-number fluctuations can be achieved after passing a certain distance, with a suitable initial separation between the solitons. The photon-number correlation can also be achieved in a pair of vectorial solitons with two polarization components. In the latter case, the photon-number-entangled pulses can be easily separated by a polarization beam splitter. These results offer possibilities to produce entangled sources for quantum communication and computation.
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Quantum correlations play a prominent role in numerous applications, from quantum communications and networking to enhanced sensing. I propose using optical soliton splitting and inelastic soliton collision to generate pulse pairs with highly correlated photon number fluctuations. The fluctuations are studied using the linearized quantum fluctuation theory of vector solitons. I show that the interpulse correlations arise in the process of inelastic soliton interactions initiated by the polarization mode dispersion and modulation of the fiber dispersion. The inelastic soliton interactions produce pulses with highly correlated quantum fluctuations in the orthogonal polarization components of the field. In the time domain, the pulses have a four-lobe correlation pattern. In the frequency domain, the correlation functions acquire a ``checkerboard'' structure with alternating positive and negative regions. Correlations between the separated pulses arise only with appropriate pulse width, group velocity dispersion, and polarization mode dispersion. The generation of pulses with high intrapulse correlations offers the possibility of producing entangled sources for continuous-variable quantum communication and computation.