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Exciton Rabi Oscillation in Single Isolated Quantum Dots

Hidehiko Kamada, Hideki Gotoh, Jiro Temmyo, Hiroaki Ando, T. Takagahara

Published Apr 1, 2002• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The Rabi population oscillation of a single excitonic two-level system in an isolated InxGa1—xAs quantum dot was examined by quantum wave function interferometry in the time domain. The corresponding energy splitting was also confirmed in an energy-domain measurement. Two-pulse dipole interference on an excited excitonic state revealed a long-lived coherence of zero-dimensional excitonic states and demonstrated coherent population flopping under a strong optical field.

DOI
10.1002/1521-396x(200204)190:2<485::aid-pssa485>3.0.co;2-4

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The Rabi population oscillation of a single excitonic two-level system in an isolated InxGa1—xAs quantum dot was examined by quantum wave function interferometry in the time domain. The corresponding energy splitting was also confirmed in an energy-domain measurement. Two-pulse dipole interference on an excited excitonic state revealed a long-lived coherence of zero-dimensional excitonic states and demonstrated coherent population flopping under a strong optical field.
Potential application of elementary excitation in semiconductor quantum dot to quantum computation is discussed. Construction of scalable hardware and all optical implementation of logical gate that exploits discrete nature of electron-hole states and their well concentrated oscillator strenth for ultrafast gate operation are proposed. Rabi population oscillation of an excitonic two-level system in an isolated single InxGa1-xAs quantum dot is manifested by a quantum wave function interferometry in time domain, demonstrating a long lived coherence of zero-dimensional excitonic states and revealed the coherent population flopping under strong optical field. A phase-sensitive coherent gate operation on single-dot exciton qubit is demonstrated.
Summary form only given. Semiconductor quantum dots are attracting much interest as a candidate to implement the quantum information processing and the quantum computation. In order to examine the possibility of the quantum state manipulation, we study the excitonic Rabi flopping and a new type of quantum interference phenomena in semiconductor quantum dots. One of the most striking manifestation of the quantum coherence is the Rabi flopping. The observation of the excitonic Rabi splitting in an InGaAs quantum dot was reported recently. Under the strong excitation of an excited exciton state in a single quantum dot, the luminescence from the exciton ground state shows a doublet splitting. This splitting can be interpreted in the dressed exciton picture. Namely, under the strong and resonant excitation of a particular exciton state, the ground state of the system splits into two levels. Then the transition from the exciton ground state to the split ground state results in the doublet structure of the emission spectrum.
Transient nonlinear optical spectroscopy, performed on excitons confined to single GaAs quantum dots, shows oscillations that are analogous to Rabi oscillations in two-level atomic systems. This demonstration corresponds to a one-qubit rotation in a single quantum dot which is important for proposals using quantum dot excitons for quantum computing. The dipole moment inferred from the data is consistent with that directly obtained from linear absorption studies. The measurement extends the artificial atom model of quantum dot excitonic transitions into the strong-field limit, and makes possible full coherent optical control of the quantum state of single excitons using optical pi pulses.