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Optics and Spectroscopy

Two-pulse two-photon optical nutation of biexcitons in semiconductors

P. I. Khadzhi, В. В. Васильев

Published Mar 1, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The specific features of two-photon nutation in a system of coherent biexcitons in CuCl-type semiconductors are investigated. It is shown that nutation is a process of periodic transformation of photon pairs into biexcitons and vice versa, depending on the parameters of the system. The possibility of exercising the phase control of optical nutation is predicted.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x08030077

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The specific features of two-photon nutation in a system of coherent biexcitons in CuCl-type semiconductors are investigated. It is shown that nutation is a process of periodic transformation of photon pairs into biexcitons and vice versa, depending on the parameters of the system. The possibility of exercising the phase control of optical nutation is predicted.
Abstract We investigated the influence of excitation processes of a biexciton on the generation of superfluorescence, which is pulsed radiation from coherently coupled two-level systems, from biexcitons in CuCl quantum dots. Two excitation processes of biexcitons were examined: resonant two-photon excitation of biexcitons, and resonant one-photon excitation of excitons. The excitation density dependence of the time-resolved photoluminescence was measured. The results showed that for one-photon excitation, a stronger peak intensity, longer delay time and wider pulse width were observed compared to resonant two-photon excitation. The high density of the excited dots in the one-photon excitation process results in the strong pulse, while an initial population of excitons results in a suppression of coherent coupling.
Optical nutation in the exciton range of spectrum is studied in the mean field approximation taking into account exciton-photon and elastic exciton-exciton interactions. It is shown that the features of nutation development are determined by the initial exciton and photon densities, the resonance detuning, the nonlinearity parameter, and the initial phase difference. For nonzero initial exciton and photon concentrations, three regimes of temporal evolution of excitons and photons exist: periodic conversion of excitons to photons and vice versa, aperiodic conversion of photons to excitons, and the rest regime. In the rest regime, the initial exciton and photon densities are nonzero and do not change with time. The oscillation amplitudes and periods of particle densities determined by the system parameters are found. The exciton self-trapping and photon trapping appearing in the system at threshold values of the nonlinearity parameter were predicted. As this parameter increases, the oscillation amplitudes of the exciton and photon densities sharply change at the critical value of the nonlinearity parameter. These two phenomena are shown to be caused by the elastic exciton-exciton interaction, resulting in the dynamic concentration shift of the exciton level.
We have proposed a simplified theoretical model to examine the optical nutation in one-dimensional semiconductor quantum wires. We explored the role of excitons, biexcitons, and the effect of confinement in enhancing transient optical processes in such semiconductor nanostructures. We apply the time dependent perturbation technique to the coherent radiation-semiconductor interaction for a three-level system in the near band gap resonant excitation regime. We have incorporated the relaxation and dephasing mechanisms phenomenologically. The induced polarization is calculated theoretically and the role of biexciton density on the polarization is analyzed. Numerical estimations of refractive and absorptive optical nutation have been made for a GaAs∕AlxGa1−xAs quantum wire duly shined by femtosecond pulse Ti: sapphire laser. Our results agree qualitatively with available experimental observations.