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Physical Review A

Atom localization via interference of dark resonances

Chengpu Liu, Shangqing Gong, Dongchao Cheng, Xijun Fan, Zhizhan Xu

Published Feb 3, 2006• 147 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme of atom localization based on the interference of resonance of double-dark states is proposed, in which the atom interacts with a classical standing-wave field. It is found that the localization property is significantly improved due to the interaction of double-dark resonances. It is realized that the atom is localized just at the nodes of the standing-wave field with higher precision. Moreover, an improvement by a factor of 2 in the detecting probability of a single atom within the subwavelength domain can be achieved by adjusting the probe-field detuning. This scheme shows more advantages than other schemes of atom localization.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.73.025801

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A scheme of atom localization based on the interference of resonance of double-dark states is proposed, in which the atom interacts with a classical standing-wave field. It is found that the localization property is significantly improved due to the interaction of double-dark resonances. It is realized that the atom is localized just at the nodes of the standing-wave field with higher precision. Moreover, an improvement by a factor of 2 in the detecting probability of a single atom within the subwavelength domain can be achieved by adjusting the probe-field detuning. This scheme shows more advantages than other schemes of atom localization.
We propose two schemes of atom localization based on the interference of double-dark resonances in a tripod and a 'Lambda'-type four-level system. It is demonstrated that the localization is significantly improved owing to the interference of double-dark resonances. In the tripod scheme, the localization can be manipulated by the parameters of an additional control field. Via adjusting the Rabi frequency of the field, one can double the probability of detecting the atom within subwavelength domain. By decreasing the detuning of the field, higher spatial resolution can be achieved. In the 'Lambda'-type four-level system, via adjusting the probe field detuning, we can not only make the atom localized at the nodes of the standing-wave field with high precision, but also increase the detecting probability of the atom at a particular position by a factor of 2.
A scheme of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization based on the interference of double-dark resonances is proposed, in which the N-type atom interacts with two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Because of the spatial-dependent atom–field interaction, 2D atom localization can be realized via measuring the upper state population or the probe absorption. We obtain that the maximum probability of finding an atom at a particular position in a wavelength domain (λ1×λ2) is 1/2 when the atom is localized at the intersection of the antinodes of quadrants I and III of the standing-wave plane. This scheme shows more advantages than other schemes of 2D atom localization.
We propose an atom localization scheme for a tripod-type atom making use of the sharp absorption peak resulting from interacting double-dark resonances. It is demonstrated that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position, as well as the localization precision, can be dramatically enhanced. The probability can be doubled by adjusting the Rabi frequency of the control field to the maximum Rabi frequency of the standing-wave field. Moreover, much better spatial resolution can be achieved for smaller detunings of the control and the standing-wave fields.
Abstract We present a scheme that provides a strong basis for precise localization of atoms, using superposition of two standing wave fields in a three level Λ -type gain assisted model. We show how atomic interference and diffraction occur at a particular node or antinode region of the standing wave fields. Two, three, four and even single localized peaks of atoms are observed in both full-wavelength and sub-half-wavelength domains, with 100 percent localization probability in a single peak. Dark lines appearing in the node region of the standing wave fields show strong evidence for atomic destructive interference. The proposed scheme allows for efficient localization of an atom to a particular point.
We propose a efficient scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization via spatial interference in a generic double two-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field and three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. Because the spatial interference originates from the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the position information of the atom can be obtained by the measurement of the atom population. We find that the precision of 3D atom localization in volumes depends sensitively on the frequency detuning and the phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields. Interestingly enough, we show that adjusting the frequency detuning and phase shifts can lead to a redistribution of the atoms and a significant change in the visibility of the interference pattern. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength.