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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Controllable atom localization via double-dark resonances in a tripod system

Dongchao Cheng, Yueping Niu, Ruxin Li, Shangqing Gong

Published Sep 28, 2006• 47 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an atom localization scheme for a tripod-type atom making use of the sharp absorption peak resulting from interacting double-dark resonances. It is demonstrated that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position, as well as the localization precision, can be dramatically enhanced. The probability can be doubled by adjusting the Rabi frequency of the control field to the maximum Rabi frequency of the standing-wave field. Moreover, much better spatial resolution can be achieved for smaller detunings of the control and the standing-wave fields.

DOI
10.1364/josab.23.002180

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We propose an atom localization scheme for a tripod-type atom making use of the sharp absorption peak resulting from interacting double-dark resonances. It is demonstrated that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position, as well as the localization precision, can be dramatically enhanced. The probability can be doubled by adjusting the Rabi frequency of the control field to the maximum Rabi frequency of the standing-wave field. Moreover, much better spatial resolution can be achieved for smaller detunings of the control and the standing-wave fields.
We propose two schemes of atom localization based on the interference of double-dark resonances in a tripod and a 'Lambda'-type four-level system. It is demonstrated that the localization is significantly improved owing to the interference of double-dark resonances. In the tripod scheme, the localization can be manipulated by the parameters of an additional control field. Via adjusting the Rabi frequency of the field, one can double the probability of detecting the atom within subwavelength domain. By decreasing the detuning of the field, higher spatial resolution can be achieved. In the 'Lambda'-type four-level system, via adjusting the probe field detuning, we can not only make the atom localized at the nodes of the standing-wave field with high precision, but also increase the detecting probability of the atom at a particular position by a factor of 2.
A scheme of two-dimensional atom localization based on a coherence-controlled absorption spectrum in an N -tripod-type five-level system is proposed, in which the atom interacts with a weak probe field and three standing-wave fields. Position information of the atom can be achieved by measuring the probe absorption. It is found that the localization properties are significantly improved due to the interaction of dark resonances. It is also shown that the localization factors depend strongly on the system parameters that lead to such spatial structures of localization as chain-like, wave-like, '8'-like, spike-like, crater-like and heart-like patterns. By properly adjusting the system parameters, we can achieve a high-precision and high-resolution atom localization under certain conditions.
A scheme of atom localization based on the interference of resonance of double-dark states is proposed, in which the atom interacts with a classical standing-wave field. It is found that the localization property is significantly improved due to the interaction of double-dark resonances. It is realized that the atom is localized just at the nodes of the standing-wave field with higher precision. Moreover, an improvement by a factor of 2 in the detecting probability of a single atom within the subwavelength domain can be achieved by adjusting the probe-field detuning. This scheme shows more advantages than other schemes of atom localization.
A scheme of two-dimensional (2D) atom localization based on the interference of double-dark resonances is proposed, in which the N-type atom interacts with two orthogonal standing-wave fields. Because of the spatial-dependent atom–field interaction, 2D atom localization can be realized via measuring the upper state population or the probe absorption. We obtain that the maximum probability of finding an atom at a particular position in a wavelength domain (λ1×λ2) is 1/2 when the atom is localized at the intersection of the antinodes of quadrants I and III of the standing-wave plane. This scheme shows more advantages than other schemes of 2D atom localization.
We propose controllable atom localization schemes for four‐level atomic systems. In the alkaline earth atomic system we give the analytical expressions of the localization peak positions as well as the widths versus the parameters of the optical fields. We show that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position can be increased from 1/4 to 1/3 or 1/2 by adjusting the detuning of the probe field and the Rabi frequencies of the optical fields. Furthermore, the localization precision can be dramatically enhanced by increasing the intensity of the standing‐wave field. In the ladder‐type system, we use two standing‐wave fields and find that the detecting probability can be increased to 1/2 by adjusting the Rabi frequencies of the standing‐wave fields.
We propose an atom localization scheme for a four-level alkaline earth atom via a classical standing-wave field, and give the analytical expressions of the localization peak positions as well as the widths versus the parameters of the optical fields. We show that the probability of finding the atom at a particular position can be increased from 1/4 to 1/3 or 1/2 by adjusting the detuning of the probe field and the Rabi frequencies of the optical fields. Furthermore, the localization precision can be dramatically enhanced by increasing the intensity of the standing-wave field or decreasing the detuning of the probe field. The analytical results are quite accordant to the numerical solutions.