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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical

A two-level atom coupled to a two-dimensional supersymmetric and shape-invariant system: dynamics and entanglement

A N F Aleixo, A. B. Balantekin

Published Mar 20, 2007• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A class of bound-state problems which represent the coupling of a two-level atom with a two-dimensional supersymmetric system involving two shape-invariant potentials was introduced in a previous paper. We study in this second paper the quantum dynamics and the entanglement for two models with different coupling Hamiltonians.
DOI
10.1088/1751-8113/40/14/012

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A class of bound-state problems which represents the coupling of a three-level atom with a two-dimensional system involving two shape-invariant potentials was introduced in a previous paper. In this paper, we considered second-order parasupersymmetric quantum-mechanical models and two possible kinds for the coupling Hamiltonian (linear and nonlinear in the potential ladder operators). In the present paper, using an algebraic formulation for shape-invariant potential systems, we study the quantum dynamics of these coupled systems and obtain the temporal behaviour of some dynamical variables related with the atom and the coupling potentials. An application is given for a couple of shape-invariant potentials (Poschl–Teller + self-similar potentials).
In this paper, within a parasupersymmetric and quantum deformed formalism, we introduce a class of bound-state problems which represents the coupling of a three-level atom with a two-dimensional potential system. We consider second-order parasupersymmetric quantum-mechanical models and a nonlinear deformed algebraic formulation for shape-invariant potential systems to study the quantum dynamics of physical observable, such as atomic level occupation, level transition probabilities, entropy and entanglement, in terms of time and deformation intensity. An application is given for a couple of shape-invariant potentials widely used to model quantum confined systems in several fields of physics, assuming a simple exponential form for the nonlinear deformation function.
The quantum dynamics of a two-level system coupled to a shape-invariant potential is investigated. Shape-invariant potentials share an integrability condition called shape invariance which identifies an underlying algebraic structure, in general infinite dimensional, that transforms the potential parameters such as strength, range and diffuseness. We determine the time-evolution operator, the density operator of the system, and obtain the temporal behaviour of various dynamical variables by considering either pure or mixed initial states of the system, constructed with the generalized coherent state of the shape-invariant coupling potential. We consider specific examples of shape-invariant coupling potentials (harmonic oscillator, Pöschl–Teller and self-similar potentials). The results obtained for all dynamical variables exhibit rapid oscillations which periodically collapse and regenerate in different ways depending on the coupling potential nature.
A class of shape-invariant bound-state problems which represent transitions in a two-level system introduced earlier are generalized to include arbitrary energy splittings between the two levels. We show that the coupled-channel Hamiltonians obtained correspond to the generalization of the non-resonant Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian, widely used in quantized theories of laser. In this general context, we determine the eigenstates, eigenvalues, the time evolution matrix and the population inversion matrix factor.