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Physical Review A

Stability of Rydberg atoms in a strong laser field

Francesco Benvenuto, Giulio Casati, Dima L. Shepelyansky

Published Jun 1, 1992• 46 citations
Publisher

Abstract

On the basis of a classical treatment, we present analytical and numerical evidence that Rydberg atoms in a strong laser field are stable provided the orbital momentum is sufficiently large. We surmise that this effect persists in the quantum case also and we suggest its observation in laboratory experiments. The possibility that such atoms may radiate high-frequency photons is discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.45.r7670

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Physical Review A•Feb 1, 1993•20 citations
On the basis of a classical treatment, we present analytical and numerical evidence that Rydberg atoms in a strong laser field are stable provided the orbital momentum is sufficiently large. We surmise that this effect persists in the quantum case also and we suggest its observation in laboratory experiments. The possibility that such atoms may radiate high-frequency photons is discussed.
Interference stabilization of atoms is discussed. Raman-type transitions to Rydberg states with higher values of the electron orbital momentum l are taken into account in numerical calculations. These transitions are shown to change qualitatively theoretical predictions concerning the dependence of the time of ionization ti on the light field-strength amplitude (epsilon) 0: the time of ionization is shown to be a falling function of (epsilon) 0 in the weak-field region and, then, in a rather large interval of (epsilon) 0, to be approximately constant. The results derived are shown to be in a rather good agreement with the existing experiments.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Interference stabilization of atoms is investigated numerically. Raman-type transitions to Rydberg states with higher values of the electron orbital momentum are taken into account. These transitions are shown to change qualitatively theoretical predictions concerning the dependence of the time of ionization on the light-field-strength amplitude : if the weak-field time of ionization, as usual, is a falling function of , in a strong-field region the function is predicted to be more or less constant and of the order of the classical Kepler period in a rather large interval of , in contrast with the earlier prediction according to which, in a strong field, was assumed to be a rather fast growing function. The results derived are shown to be in a rather good agreement with the existing experiments. Alternative theoretical models are discussed.
The main ideas and features of strong-field interference stabilization of Rydberg atoms are described. Both analytical and model calculations, as well as exact numerical solutions of the Schördinger equation are discussed and compared with each other. Experiments of the FOM Institute groups (The Netherlands) on stabilization of Ba and Ne atoms excited initially, correspondingly, to 27d and 5g levels are discussed. In both cases mechanisms of stabilization are argued in favor of different kinds of interference phenomena rather than adiabatic stabilization.
The ionization dynamics of two interacting Rydberg atoms in a strong laser field has been investigated. Each atom has been described in the “two discrete levels + continuum” model. Quasienergy states in this system, which describe field-dressed atoms, have been studied. It has been shown that one of the quasienergy states corresponds to the formation of an atomic state stable against ionization, which leads to the interference stabilization regime first observed in the case of individual atoms in [M. V. Fedorov and A. M. Movsesian, J. Phys. B 21 , L155 (1988)]. Methods for creating entangled states in this system have been proposed and the dynamics of entanglement in the process of interaction with the laser field has been analyzed.
It is shown that the rate and degree of ionization of an atom can be controlled by preparing a specific superposition of Rydberg states. This effect is due to the Raman interaction of Rydberg levels via resonant lower-lying levels of the atom. Depending on the initial population of an atom interacting with a strong laser field, the atom either ionizes completely or exhibits an extremely high degree of stability (in this case the probability of the atom remaining in a bound state when the laser pulse is switched off is close to 1). It is shown that states which are stable against ionization decay or, conversely, decay rapidly into the continuum can be prepared using double laser pulses with a controllable time delay.
We analyze the excitation of atoms by intense pulsed laser fields and describe a mechanism leading to effective dynamical stabilization at a photon energy below the unperturbed binding energy. At low and intermediate intensities, the atom is left in a coherent superposition of the initial state and a set of Rydberg states which is stable against ionization; this effect subsists for pulse durations presently accessible to experiment. At higher intensities, population is transferred through degenerate Raman coupling to Rydberg states of higher angular momentum.