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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Study of field shifts of Ramsey resonances on ultracold atoms and ions

K. S. Tabatchikova, A. V. Taǐchenachev, А. К. Дмитриев, Valeriy I. Yudin

Published Feb 1, 2015• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The effect of the finite laser radiation line width and spontaneous relaxation of levels on the efficiency of the suppression of the field shift of the central resonance for the generalized Ramsey scheme with pulses of different lengths and with a phase jump in the second pulse has been considered. The optimal parameters of the scheme corresponding to the minimum frequency shift and maximum amplitude of the resonance have been determined.

DOI
10.1134/s1063776115020223

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The effect of the finite laser radiation line width and spontaneous relaxation of levels on the efficiency of the suppression of the field shift of the central resonance for the generalized Ramsey scheme with pulses of different lengths and with a phase jump in the second pulse has been considered. The optimal parameters of the scheme corresponding to the minimum frequency shift and maximum amplitude of the resonance have been determined.
Ramsey schemes with pulses of different lengths and with a composite pulse have been analyzed taking into account a finite width of the laser line and spontaneous relaxation of atomic levels. The optimal parameters of pulses corresponding to the maximum suppression of the excitation-related shift and the maximum resonance amplitude have been found for both schemes. According to the numerical results, spontaneous relaxation of the atomic levels and a finite width of the laser line must be taken into account in the calculation of the optimal parameters of the excitation pulses. The Ramsey scheme with a composite pulse is less sensitive to fluctuations of the Rabi frequency than the scheme with pulses of different lengths.
We perform a theoretical analysis of the Ramsey scheme with pulses of different duration and with a phase step in the second pulse with account for the finite width of laser line. We define optimum features of pulses that correspond to maximum suppression of the field shift and maximum amplitude of resonance for both schemes. Ramsey scheme with a phase step in the second pulse provides effective suppression of the field shift and it is less sensitive to the Rabi frequency fluctuations in comparison with Ramsey scheme with pulses of different duration. First experiments on ytterbium single-ion optical clock (Germany, PTB) confirm theoretical predictions
In this work, the peculiarities of Ramsey resonance and its sensitivity to the light shift from an optically dense medium of cold atoms are investigated. We considered different composite pulse protocols for clock spectroscopy such as hyper-Ramsey, modified and generalized hyper-Ramsey schemes. Shapes of resonances and error signals changes significantly due to the processes of absorption and dispersion in the atomic medium. The dependence of the position of the central fringe resonance with a residual uncompensated light shift of the atomic transition is theoretically studied when taking into account the attenuation of the radiation intensity in the medium. The change in pulses area of the hyper-Ramsey protocol allows us to suppress the sensitivity of the clock resonance position to the residual light shift for a certain length of the medium. It is shown that using a combination of generalized hyper- Ramsey error signals allows us to suppress the sensitivity to the light shift for any length of the medium. Also we analyzed the effect of spontaneous decay of high atomic state on the light shift sensitivity of the composite pulses schemes.
Abstract The properties of the Ramsey resonance and its sensitivity to the light shift of the atomic transition frequency are investigated in the case of the hyper-Ramsey interrogation in an optically dense medium of cold atoms. The shape of the interrogating pulses varies significantly due to the processes of absorption and dispersion in the atomic medium, which leads to a distortion of the Ramsey resonance and a periodic change in the central minimum to the maximum and vice versa. The dependence of the position of the central resonance on the light shift of the atomic transition is found with the attenuation of radiation in the medium taken into account. It is shown that in a certain section of the medium this dependence becomes N-shaped.
Abstract Based on a simple one-dimensional model, we consider the effect of trapped-ion heating on the efficiency of generalised Ramsey methods for the probe-induced frequency shift suppression in optical frequency standards based on single ultracold ions. It is shown that ion heating reduces the efficiency of all previously proposed one-loop generalised Ramsey methods, leading in all cases to the appearance of a linear dependence of the reference frequency shift on the residual field frequency shift. Two versions of the most heating stable generalised Ramsey schemes, for which the proportionality coefficient in this dependence is minimal, are demonstrated.
Abstract The peculiarities of Ramsey resonance and its sensitivity to the light shift from an optically dense medium of cold atoms are investigated. Different composite pulse protocols for clock spectroscopy, including hyper-Ramsey, modified and generalised hyper-Ramsey schemes, are compared. Error signals change significantly due to the processes of absorption and dispersion in the atomic medium. The dependence of the position of the central fringe resonance with a residual uncompensated light shift of the atomic transition is studied with the attenuation of the radiation intensity in the medium taken into account. It is shown that using a combination of generalised hyper-Ramsey error signals allows one to suppress the sensitivity to the light shift for any length of the medium.