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Physical Review A

Two-field electromagnetically induced transparency and switching between ultranarrow absorption and gain features in rubidium atoms

Seyed M. Sadeghi, Jochen Meyer

Published May 1, 1999• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the generation of an ultranarrow gain spectrum in an atomic transition when the upper transition level is coupled to the lower transition level by one laser and to a metastable state by another laser. It is shown that this spectrum switches abruptly into an ultranarrow absorption line with an increase in the first laser intensity. These results are explained by investigating the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a system where the upper transition level is coupled to two metastable states by two laser fields (K system). We discuss various features of such a transparency and show how it can be described as a structuring process, similar to the laser-induced continuum structure. Utilizing such a description of EIT, we explain the ultranarrow gain generation as a stimulated Rayleigh scattering process.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.59.3998

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arXiv:0712.1805•Physical Review A•Jul 21, 2008•7 citations
We study the generation of an ultranarrow gain spectrum in an atomic transition when the upper transition level is coupled to the lower transition level by one laser and to a metastable state by another laser. It is shown that this spectrum switches abruptly into an ultranarrow absorption line with an increase in the first laser intensity. These results are explained by investigating the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a system where the upper transition level is coupled to two metastable states by two laser fields (K system). We discuss various features of such a transparency and show how it can be described as a structuring process, similar to the laser-induced continuum structure. Utilizing such a description of EIT, we explain the ultranarrow gain generation as a stimulated Rayleigh scattering process.
We study laser-induced transparency and dark-line effects in a two-level atomic system where the upper transition level is coupled by a laser field to a dressed system consisting of two lower-energy metastable states mixed by a second laser field (\ensuremath{\Pi} configuration). We show that the emission (absorption) spectrum of the two-level system develops two dynamic dark lines (transparency holes) with tunable central frequencies equal to the Rabi frequency of the second field with positive and negative signs, and widths proportional to that of the first field. The detailed evolution of these effects at low- and high-field intensities and the role of quantum interferences are discussed by presenting a model based on laser-induced continuum structure and adopting a dressed-state picture. We discuss various nonlinear processes in this system and show how the dynamics of emission and absorption spectra are determined by one- and two-photon coupling processes.
The propagation of a probe field through a four-level Y-type atomic system is described in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields, namely, the control field and the coupling field. An expression for the probe response is derived analytically from the optical Bloch equations under steady state condition to study the absorptive properties of the system under probe field propagation through an ensemble of stationary atoms as well as in a Doppler broadened atomic vapor medium. The most striking result is the conversion of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) into electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) as we start switching from weak probe regime to strong probe regime. The dependence of this conversion on residual Doppler averaging due to wavelength mismatch is also shown by choosing the coupling transition as a Rydberg transition.
In this paper, we study the formation of two electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows in a four-level lambda atomic system with Doppler broadening. The depth and the width of the EIT windows are easily changed by adjusting the intensity of the controlling laser fields. Meanwhile, the position of the EIT windows is also easily shifted by changing the frequency of the laser fields. In particular, by turning on or off one of the two coupling laser fields, the probe field response can be switched between one or two EIT window regimes, i.e., it is possible to switch between absorption and transparency regimes, and vice versa. In addition, our analytical model also allows one to investigate the influence of temperature (or Doppler width) on EIT windows, which is necessary for experimental observations as well as related applications at room temperature.
We have experimentally and theoretically studied resonant two-photon absorption (TPA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the open ladder-type atomic system of the 5S(1/2) (F = 1)-5P(3/2) (F' = 0, 1, 2)-5D(5/2) (F″ = 1, 2, 3) transitions in (87)Rb atoms. As the coupling laser intensity was increased, the resonant TPA was transformed to EIT for the 5S(1/2) (F = 1)-5P(3/2) (F' = 2)-5D(5/2) (F″ = 3) transition. The transformation of resonant TPA into EIT was numerically calculated for various coupling laser intensities, considering all the degenerate magnetic sublevels of the 5S(1/2)-5P(3/2)-5D(5/2) transition. From the numerical results, the crossover from TPA to EIT could be understood by the decomposition of the spectrum into an EIT component owing to the pure two-photon coherence and a TPA component caused by the mixed term.
We have experimentally and theoretically studied resonant two-photon absorption (TPA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the open ladder-type atomic system of the 5S(1/2) (F = 1)-5P(3/2) (F' = 0, 1, 2)-5D(5/2) (F″ = 1, 2, 3) transitions in (87)Rb atoms. As the coupling laser intensity was increased, the resonant TPA was transformed to EIT for the 5S(1/2) (F = 1)-5P(3/2) (F' = 2)-5D(5/2) (F″ = 3) transition. The transformation of resonant TPA into EIT was numerically calculated for various coupling laser intensities, considering all the degenerate magnetic sublevels of the 5S(1/2)-5P(3/2)-5D(5/2) transition. From the numerical results, the crossover from TPA to EIT could be understood by the decomposition of the spectrum into an EIT component owing to the pure two-photon coherence and a TPA component caused by the mixed term.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is an important tool for controlling light propagation and nonlinear wave mixing in atomic gases with potential applications ranging from quantum computing to table top tests of general relativity. Here we consider EIT in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in a double-well potential. A weak probe laser propagates through one of the wells and interacts with atoms in a three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ configuration. The well through which the probe propagates is dressed by a strong control laser with Rabi frequency ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$, as in standard EIT systems. Tunneling between the wells at the frequency ggg provides a coherent coupling between identical electronic states in the two wells, which leads to the formation of interwell dressed states. The macroscopic interwell coherence of the BEC wave function results in the formation of two ultranarrow absorption resonances for the probe field that are inside of the ordinary EIT transparency window. We show that these new resonances can be interpreted in terms of the interwell dressed states and the formation of a type of dark state involving the control laser and the interwell tunneling. To either side of these ultranarrow resonances there is normal dispersion with very large slope controlled by ggg. We discuss prospects for observing these ultranarrow resonances and the corresponding regions of high dispersion experimentally.