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International Radar Symposium

Tunable cryocooled nanooscillator

Yudina Olena, Oleksandr V. Prokopenko, O.M. Ivanyuta

Published May 1, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The microwave surface wave resonator (SWR) made of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) is proposed as the base element of tunable cryocooled nanooscillators (NO) based on Josephson effect. The SWR with Josephson junction array (JJA) allows the parallel microwave and series do biasing for every junction in the array. By applying the external do current and external microwave power to the JJA we achieved the synchronous microwave radiation from the array with power near 14 nW (for NO with 10 Josephson junction). The frequency of the microwave radiation depend on do current and resonant frequency of the SWR; the radiation power depend on SWR Q-factor. This NO can be tuned by changing the resonant frequency of the SWR.

DOI
10.1109/irs.2008.4585745

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The microwave surface wave resonator (SWR) made of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) is proposed as the base element of tunable cryocooled nanooscillators (NO) based on Josephson effect. The SWR with Josephson junction array (JJA) allows the parallel microwave and series do biasing for every junction in the array. By applying the external do current and external microwave power to the JJA we achieved the synchronous microwave radiation from the array with power near 14 nW (for NO with 10 Josephson junction). The frequency of the microwave radiation depend on do current and resonant frequency of the SWR; the radiation power depend on SWR Q-factor. This NO can be tuned by changing the resonant frequency of the SWR.
The new type of surface wave resonator (SWR) consists of HTS film on a dielectric substrate is developed. A possibility of optimal coupling between the electromagnetic field of the SWR and the HTS Josephson junction array is shown; The topologies for embedding the bicrystal HTS Josephson junctions in the SWR are developed. These topology ensure the junction synchronization, that can be used for creation voltage standards, microwave detectors and Josephson generators and so on; The microwave properties of the SWR with HTS Josephson junction arrays (up to 450 junctions) and nonlinear elements based on Shottky-barrier diodes have been investigated. For the array with 450 HTS Josephson junctions the voltage sequence with 10 mV step has been obtained, sensitivity of the detector based on this array is 0.1 A/W with dynamic range 10/sup 2/ dB; The Josephson generation with microwave power at several nW for the SWR with bicrystal HTS JJs is detected. There were two groups of junctions. These groups are formed at the time of fabrication due to imperfection of HTS junction fabrication technology.
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Josephson junction (JJ) arrays can be used as a basis for the creation of different microminiature devices, such as tunable Josephson generators, primary voltage standards, detectors of radiation, etc. However the using of JJ arrays entails a problem of its synchronous operation. One of the solutions of this problem is using the surface wave resonators (SWR). The aim of our work is the detection of Josephson generation of an array of synchronized high-temperature superconductor (HTS) JJ embedded in the SWR.
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We report low temperature, microwave transmission measurements on a new switchable and tunable class of nonlinear metamaterials. A wireless two dimensional array of Josephson junctions (JJ) is probed as a metamaterial where each plaquette in the array is considered as a meta-atom. In the presence of microwaves, this compact metamaterial of 30,000 connected meta-atoms synchronizes the flow of Cooper pairs to yield a single robust resonant signal with a quality factor of 2800 at the lowest temperature for our measurements. The transmission signal is switched on and off and its amplitude and frequency are tuned with either temperature, incident rf power or dc magnetic field. Surprisingly, increasing the incident rf power above a threshold causes the resonance to split into multiple discrete resonances that extend over a range of 240 MHz for a wide temperature window. We posit that this effect is a new incarnation of the inverse ac Josephson effect where the Josephson plasma frequency locks to the rf drive frequency generating quantized frequency steps, instead of voltage steps, in the absence of a dc bias.