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American Journal of Physics

Infinite Square-Well Potential with a Moving Wall

S.W. Doescher, Melvin H. Rice

Published Dec 1, 1969• 121 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The problem of a particle in a one-dimensional infinite square-well potential with one wall moving at constant velocity is treated by means of a complete set of functions which are exact solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Comparison is made with a first-order perturbation treatment, and numerical results are presented for a particle initially in the ground state.

DOI
10.1119/1.1975291

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European Journal of Physics•Apr 5, 2005•3 citations
The problem of a particle in a one-dimensional infinite square-well potential with one wall moving at constant velocity is treated by means of a complete set of functions which are exact solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Comparison is made with a first-order perturbation treatment, and numerical results are presented for a particle initially in the ground state.
Analytical solutions to the time-dependent Shrödinger equation in one dimension are developed for time-independent potentials, one consisting of an infinite wall and a repulsive delta function. An exact solution is obtained by means of a convolution of time-independent solutions spanning the given Hilbert space with appropriately chosen spectral functions. Square-integrability and the boundary conditions are satisfied. The probability for the particle to be found inside the potential well is calculated and shown to exhibit non-exponential decay decreasing at large times as t−3t^{-3}t−3. The result is generalized for all square-integrable solutions to this problem.
By means of a one-dimensional model of a particle in an infinite square-well potential with one wall moving at a constant speed, we examine aspects of time-dependent phenomena in quantum mechanics such as adiabatic and sudden processes. The particle is assumed to be initially in the ground state of the potential with its initial width. The time dependence of the wavefunction of the particle in the well is generally more complicated when the potential well is compressed than when it is expanded. We are particularly interested in the case in which the potential well is suddenly compressed. The so-called sudden approximation is not applicable in this case. We also study the energy of the particle in the changing well as a function of time for expansion and contraction as well as for expansion followed by contraction and vice versa.
By means of a one-dimensional model of a particle in an infinite square-well potential with one wall moving at a constant speed, we examine aspects of time-dependent phenomena in quantum mechanics such as adiabatic and sudden processes. The particle is assumed to be initially in the ground state of the potential with its initial width. The time dependence of the wavefunction of the particle in the well is generally more complicated when the potential well is compressed than when it is expanded. We are particularly interested in the case in which the potential well is suddenly compressed. The so-called sudden approximation is not applicable in this case. We also study the energy of the particle in the changing well as a function of time for expansion and contraction as well as for expansion followed by contraction and vice versa.